It has been argued that halting environmental degradation requires an approach of sufficiency, which entails substantial changes in consumption patterns for high-consuming classes, including a reduction in consumption levels. This article reviews the literature on sufficiency, asking two main questions: What are the specific consumption changes that the sufficiency literature suggests to reduce ecological footprints, and how can such consumption changes be advanced? The article uses a combination of semi-systematic and integrative review methodologies. The article shows that sufficiency may entail four types of consumption changes: absolute reductions, modal shifts, product longevity, and sharing practices. It provides an overview of sufficiency practices across four consumption categories: housing, nutrition, mobility, and miscellaneous consumption. In addition, the article identifies barriers and actors that can prevent or advance sufficiency transitions. Barriers to sufficiency transitions include consumer attitudes and behavior, culture, the economic system, the political system, and the physical environment. Actors include businesses, policymakers, citizens, NGOs, and educators. The article advances our understanding of sufficiency as a concept and the multidimensionality of sufficiency transitions.

有人认为，制止环境退化需要一种自给自足的方法，这需要对高消费阶层的消费模式进行实质性改变，包括减少消费水平。本文回顾了有关充足性的文献，并提出了两个主要问题：充足性文献提出的减少生态足迹的具体消费变化是什么？如何促进这种消费变化？本文结合了半系统和综合审查方法。该文章表明，充足性可能涉及四种类型的消费变化：绝对减少，模式转变，产品寿命和共享做法。它概述了四种消费类别的自给自足做法：住房，营养，流动性，和杂项消费。此外，本文还指出了可以阻止或推进充足性过渡的障碍和参与者。充足过渡的障碍包括消费者的态度和行为，文化，经济体系，政治体系和自然环境。参与者包括企业，政策制定者，公民，非政府组织和教育工作者。本文提高了我们对自给自足的概念和自给自足过渡的多维性的理解。