The paper narrates an empirical study of participatory mapping and spatial characterization of six non-material landscape values across multiple coastal production landscapes in the Indian Sundarban delta. The methodology relies on an inexpensive rapid rural appraisal technique that integrates the conventional notion of place preference and participatory mapping. 168 respondents living in the study area were provided six georeferenced maps with 30 pre-identified landmarks, and were asked to mark and rank at least three preferred locations (with no upper limit) for each of the six non-material landscape values category (i.e. spiritual, recreational, heritage, aesthetic, educational, and negative values). A total of 65 locations, depicting all the six landscape values, were identified from the survey. Corresponding scores against these points were calculated by multiplying the frequency of occurrence and assigned preference weights. We thereafter conducted a series of statistical and spatial analysis to understand the demographic patterns in the observed intangible values and their spatial association with different production landscapes. Regression modeling revealed significant influence of the age and educational profile of the respondents on the number of points marked viz.-a-viz. appreciation for non-material landscape values. Also, the Spearman correlation revealed a strong positive pairwise association between recreational and aesthetic values, spiritual and heritage as well as educational and heritage values. Finally, we computed landscape-wise availability of non-material values using a recent land use map of the delta, and found that agriculture/cultivated areas, rural settlements, and mudflats/beaches were associated with high non-material values, while aquaculture was minimally attributed to non-material landscape values. As such, the study facilitates a comparative understanding of non-material benefits from multiple rural production landscapes/waterscapes, besides providing valuable spatial information for policy-planners and administrative officials.

本文叙述了对印度Sundarban三角洲多个沿海生产景观中六个非物质景观价值的参与性测绘和空间表征的实证研究。该方法学依靠廉价的农村快速评估技术，该技术将传统的位置偏好和参与式制图概念相结合。为生活在研究区域的168位受访者提供了六张具有30个预先确定的地标的地理参考地图，并被要求为六个非物质景观价值类别（即，每个类别）分别标记和排列至少三个首选地点（无上限）精神，娱乐，遗产，美学，教育和负面价值）。此次调查共确定了65个地点，描述了所有六个景观价值。通过将出现频率和分配的优先权重相乘，可以计算出与这些点相对应的分数。此后，我们进行了一系列的统计和空间分析，以了解所观察到的无形值中的人口统计图案以及它们与不同生产景观的空间关联。回归模型显示受访者的年龄和教育概况对标记为viz的点数有重大影响.-a- viz 。欣赏非物质景观价值。此外，Spearman相关性还揭示了娱乐和审美价值，精神和遗产以及教育和遗产价值之间的强正对关联。最后，我们使用三角洲最近的土地利用图计算了非物质价值的景观可用性，发现农业/耕地，农村居民点和滩涂/海滩与非物质价值高相关，而水产养殖最少归因于非物质景观价值。这样，除了为政策规划者和行政官员提供宝贵的空间信息外，该研究还有助于对多种农村生产景观/水景的非物质利益进行比较理解。