Nucleic acids detection has significant meanings in disease diagnosis, monitoring of environment and so on. However, only trace concentration of nucleic acids exists in specimen. Ultrasensitive nucleic acids detection is required based on the strategies of signal amplification. Currently, DNA nanotechnologies are employed to amplify the detecting signal, mainly including DNA hybridization-based sensors and DNA circuits-based sensors. DNA circuits-based sensors have higher sensitive than that of DNA hybridization-based sensors, which attract the attention of researchers. With this view, we present an overview of DNA circuits-based amplification strategies for nucleic acids detection with fluorescent sensors and electrochemical sensors, respectively. It mainly contains duplex specific nuclease (DSN)-based DNA circuits and strand displace reaction (SDR)-based DNA circuits, which enable nucleic acids to trigger DNA circuits without consumption. The strategies can multiply the increase of the signal of nucleic acids with simple operation. Meanwhile, this review discusses the current challenges and future outlook of DNA circuits in sensors. We envision that our review provides implications to promote the development of DNA circuits-based biosensors for nucleic acids detection.

中文翻译：

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用于超灵敏核酸检测的基于 DNA 电路的信号放大

核酸检测在疾病诊断、环境监测等方面具有重要意义。然而，标本中仅存在微量浓度的核酸。基于信号放大的策略需要超灵敏的核酸检测。目前，DNA纳米技术用于放大检测信号，主要包括基于DNA杂交的传感器和基于DNA电路的传感器。基于DNA电路的传感器比基于DNA杂交的传感器具有更高的灵敏度，这引起了研究人员的关注。有了这个观点，我们概述了基于 DNA 电路的扩增策略，分别用于荧光传感器和电化学传感器的核酸检测。它主要包含基于双链特异性核酸酶（DSN）的DNA电路和基于链置换反应（SDR）的DNA电路，使核酸无需消耗即可触发DNA电路。该策略可以通过简单的操作成倍增加核酸的信号。同时，本综述讨论了传感器中 DNA 电路的当前挑战和未来展望。我们设想我们的审查为促进基于 DNA 电路的核酸检测生物传感器的发展提供了启示。