Existing knowledge on the relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) and exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in the context of Nigeria is minimal and limited to a lifelong measure of IPV experience. An abuse experienced a long time ago may not have as much negative effect as that encountered at a more proximal time to the breastfeeding phase. To this effect, we examined this relationship with maternal IPV experienced around the time of pregnancy and postpartum. We analyzed data from the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey. The sample includes 2668 breastfeeding mothers having a child aged under 6 months. The outcome variable was EBF or mixed-feeding (24 h recall). The exposure variables were: the maternal experience of psychological, physical, and sexual intimate partner violence. Also, there was an experience of any form of IPV and frequency score of intimate partner violence. Analysis includes chi-square and t-test bivariates, complete case and imputed logistic regressions for binary outcome. In the imputed analysis, compared to mothers who experienced no IPV, those who experienced IPV had a 26% reduced likelihood of EBF practice (AOR 0.74; 95% CI 0.55, 1.00). Also, a unit dose of maternal IPV experience was associated with a 5% reduced likelihood of EBF practice (AOR 0.69; 95% CI 0.49, 0.98). Among the three forms of IPV, physical IPV had the highest effect size. Physical IPV was associated with a 37% reduced likelihood of EBF practice (AOR 0.63; 95% CI 0.44, 0.90), while psychological IPV was associated with a 34% reduced likelihood of EBF practice (AOR 0.66; 95% CI 0.47, 0.92), when compared to the respective reference groups. On the other hand, those who reported sexual IPV were just as likely to breastfeed as those who did not (AOR 0.94; 95% CI 0.62, 1.41). In this study, maternal IPV is associated with EBF practice. Policies aimed at promoting EBF should also be framed to combat IPV against pregnant women and nursing mothers.

中文翻译：

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亲密伴侣暴力和婴儿纯母乳喂养：分析 2013 年尼日利亚人口和健康调查

在尼日利亚，关于亲密伴侣暴力 (IPV) 和纯母乳喂养 (EBF) 之间关系的现有知识很少，仅限于对 IPV 体验的终生衡量。很久以前经历的虐待可能不会像在母乳喂养阶段更近的时间遇到​​的那样产生负面影响。为此，我们研究了这种与孕期和产后经历的母体 IPV 之间的关系。我们分析了 2013 年尼日利亚人口与健康调查的数据。样本包括 2668 名有 6 个月以下孩子的母乳喂养母亲。结果变量是 EBF 或混合喂养（24 小时回忆）。暴露变量是：心理、身体和性亲密伴侣暴力的母亲经历。还，有任何形式的 IPV 经历和亲密伴侣暴力的频率评分。分析包括卡方和 t 检验二元变量、完整案例和二元结果的估算逻辑回归。在推算分析中，与未经历过 IPV 的母亲相比，经历过 IPV 的母亲进行 EBF 练习的可能性降低了 26%（AOR 0.74；95% CI 0.55, 1.00）。此外，单位剂量的母体 IPV 体验与 EBF 实践的可能性降低 5% 相关（AOR 0.69；95% CI 0.49, 0.98）。在三种形式的 IPV 中，物理 IPV 的效果最大。身体 IPV 与 EBF 练习的可能性降低 37% 相关（AOR 0.63；95% CI 0.44，0.90），而心理 IPV 与 EBF 练习的可能性降低 34%（AOR 0.66；95% CI 0.47，0.92）相关, 当与各自的参考组进行比较时。另一方面，报告有性 IPV 的人与未报告的人一样可能进行母乳喂养（AOR 0.94；95% CI 0.62, 1.41）。在这项研究中，母亲 IPV 与 EBF 实践相关。还应制定旨在促进 EBF 的政策，以打击针对孕妇和哺乳母亲的 IPV。