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Recombinant Antibody Engineering Enables Reversible Binding for Continuous Protein Biosensing
ACS Sensors ( IF 8.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 , DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c01510
Christian Fercher 1, 2 , Martina L. Jones 1 , Stephen M. Mahler 1 , Simon R. Corrie 3
Affiliation  

Engineering antibodies to improve target specificity, reduce detection limits, or introduce novel functionality is an important research area for biosensor development. While various affinity biosensors have been developed to generate an output signal upon varying analyte concentrations, reversible and continuous protein monitoring in complex biological samples remains challenging. Herein, we explore the concept of directed evolution to modulate dissociation kinetics of a high affinity anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) single-chain variable antibody fragment (scFv) to enable continuous protein sensing in a label-free binding assay. A mutant scFv library was generated from the wild type (WT) fragment via targeted permutation of four residues in the antibody–antigen-binding interface. A single round of phage display biopanning complemented with high-throughput screening methods then permitted isolation of a specific binder with fast reaction kinetics. We were able to obtain ∼30 times faster dissociation rates when compared to the WT without appreciably affecting overall affinity and specificity by targeting a single paratope that is known to contribute to the binding interaction. Suitability of a resulting mutant fragment to sense varying antigen concentrations in continuous mode was demonstrated in a modified label-free binding assay, achieving low nanomolar detection limits (KD = 8.39 nM). We also confirmed these results using an independent detection mechanism developed previously by our group, incorporating a polarity-dependent fluorescent dye into the scFv and reading out EGFR binding based on fluorescence wavelength shifts. In future, this generic approach could be employed to generate improved or novel binders for proteins of interest, ready for deployment in a broad range of assay platforms.

中文翻译:

重组抗体工程可实现连续蛋白质生物传感的可逆结合

用于提高靶标特异性,降低检测限或引入新颖功能的工程抗体是生物传感器开发的重要研究领域。尽管已经开发出各种亲和力生物传感器以在变化的分析物浓度时产生输出信号,但是在复杂的生物样品中可逆和连续的蛋白质监测仍然具有挑战性。在这里,我们探索定向进化的概念,以调节高亲和力抗表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)单链可变抗体片段(scFv)的解离动力学,以实现无标记结合测定法中的连续蛋白质传感。通过抗体-抗原结合界面中四个残基的定向排列,从野生型(WT)片段生成了一个突变的scFv文库。单轮噬菌体展示生物淘选与高通量筛选方法相辅相成,然后可以以快速的反应动力学分离出特定的结合剂。与野生型相比,我们能够获得约30倍的更快解离速率,而不会通过靶向已知有助于结合相互作用的单个对位来显着影响整体亲和力和特异性。在改良的无标记结合测定法中证明了所得突变体片段在连续模式下感知变化的抗原浓度的适用性,实现了低纳摩尔检测限(与野生型相比,我们能够获得约30倍的更快解离速率,而不会通过靶向已知有助于结合相互作用的单个对位来显着影响整体亲和力和特异性。在改良的无标记结合测定法中证明了所得突变体片段在连续模式下感知变化的抗原浓度的适用性,实现了低纳摩尔检测限(与野生型相比,我们能够获得约30倍的更快解离速率,而不会通过靶向已知有助于结合相互作用的单个对位来显着影响整体亲和力和特异性。在改良的无标记结合测定法中证明了所得突变体片段在连续模式下感知变化的抗原浓度的适用性,实现了低纳摩尔检测限(K D= 8.39nM)。我们还使用我们小组先前开发的独立检测机制证实了这些结果,该机制将极性依赖性荧光染料掺入scFv中,并根据荧光波长变化读出EGFR结合。将来,可以使用这种通用方法为目标蛋白质生成改良的或新型的结合剂,以准备在广泛的测定平台中进行部署。
更新日期:2021-03-26
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