Both Earth and Mars host populations of co-orbital minor bodies. A large number of present-day Mars co-orbitals is probably associated with the fission of the parent body of Mars Trojan 5261 Eureka (1990 MB) during a rotation-induced Yarkovsky–O’Keefe–Radzievskii–Paddack (YORP) break-up event. Here, we use the statistical distributions of the Tisserand parameter and the relative mean longitude of Mars co-orbitals with eccentricity below 0.2 to estimate the importance of rotation-induced YORP break-up events in Martian co-orbital space. Machine-learning techniques (k-means++ and agglomerative hierarchical clustering algorithms) are applied to assess our findings. Our statistical analysis identified three new Mars Trojans: 2009 SE, 2018 EC4, and 2018 FC4. Two of them, 2018 EC4 and 2018 FC4, are probably linked to Eureka but we argue that 2009 SE may have been captured, so it is not related to Eureka. We also suggest that 2020 VT1, a recent discovery, is a transient Martian co-orbital of the horseshoe type. When applied to Earth co-orbital candidates with eccentricity below 0.2, our approach led us to identify some clustering, perhaps linked to fission events. The cluster with most members could be associated with Earth quasi-satellite 469219 Kamo‘oalewa (2016 HO3) that is a fast rotator. Our statistical analysis identified two new Earth co-orbitals: 2020 PN1, which follows a horseshoe path, and 2020 PP1, a quasi-satellite that is dynamically similar to Kamo‘oalewa. For both Mars and Earth co-orbitals, we found pairs of objects whose values of the Tisserand parameter differ by very small amounts, perhaps hinting at recent disruption events. Clustering algorithms and numerical simulations both suggest that 2020 KZ2 and Kamo‘oalewa could be related.

中文翻译：

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使用火星共轨来估计地球共轨空间中自转引起的 YORP 解体事件的重要性

地球和火星都拥有共轨小天体。在自转引起的 Yarkovsky-O'Keefe-Radzievskii-Paddack (YORP) 解体过程中，火星特洛伊木马 5261 Eureka (1990 MB) 母体的裂变可能与今天的大量火星共轨道有关事件。在这里，我们使用 Tisserand 参数的统计分布和偏心率低于 0.2 的火星共轨道的相对平均经度来估计自转引起的 YORP 解体事件在火星共轨空间中的重要性。机器学习技术（k-means++ 和凝聚层次聚类算法）用于评估我们的发现。我们的统计分析确定了三个新的火星木马：2009 SE、2018 EC4 和 2018 FC4。其中两个，2018 EC4 和 2018 FC4，可能与 Eureka 有关，但我们认为 2009 SE 可能已被捕获，因此与 Eureka 无关。我们还建议，最近发现的 2020 VT1 是马蹄型的短暂火星共轨。当应用于偏心率低于 0.2 的地球共轨候选时，我们的方法导致我们识别出一些可能与裂变事件有关的聚类。拥有大多数成员的星团可能与地球准卫星 469219 Kamo'oalewa (2016 HO3) 相关，它是一个快速自转星。我们的统计分析确定了两个新的地球共轨道：2020 PN1，它遵循马蹄形路径，以及 2020 PP1，一个与 Kamo'oalewa 动态相似的准卫星。对于火星和地球共轨道，我们发现了 Tisserand 参数值差异很小的成对物体，也许暗示了最近的中断事件。聚类算法和数值模拟都表明 2020 KZ2 和 Kamo'oalewa 可能相关。