Reliable production of freshwater and energy is vital for tackling two of the most critical issues the world is facing today: climate change and sustainable development. In this light, a comprehensive review is performed on the foremost renewable energy-driven polygeneration systems for freshwater production using thermal and membrane desalination. Thus, this review is designed to outline the latest developments on integrated polygeneration and desalination systems based on multi-stage flash (MSF), multi-effect distillation (MED), humidification-dehumidification (HDH), and reverse osmosis (RO) technologies. Special attention is paid to innovative approaches for modelling, design, simulation, and optimization to improve energy, exergy, and thermo-economic performance of decentralized polygeneration plants accounting for electricity, space heating and cooling, domestic hot water, and freshwater production, among others. Different integrated renewable energy-driven polygeneration and desalination systems are investigated, including those assisted by solar, biomass, geothermal, ocean, wind, and hybrid renewable energy sources. In addition, recent literature applying energy, exergy, exergoeconomic, and exergoenvironmental analysis is reviewed to establish a comparison between a range of integrated renewable-driven polygeneration and desalination systems.

中文翻译：

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可再生能源驱动的多联产系统可持续淡化的能量，火用和热经济分析

可靠地生产淡水和能源对解决当今世界面临的两个最关键问题至关重要：气候变化和可持续发展。有鉴于此，对使用热脱盐和膜淡化技术生产淡水的最重要的可再生能源驱动的多联产系统进行了全面审查。因此，本综述旨在概述基于多级闪蒸（MSF），多效蒸馏（MED），加湿除湿（HDH）和反渗透（RO）技术的集成多联产和脱盐系统的最新发展。要特别注意用于建模，设计，仿真和优化的创新方法，以提高占电力，能源，空间供热和制冷，生活热水和淡水生产等。研究了不同的集成可再生能源驱动的多联产和淡化系统，包括太阳能，生物质能，地热，海洋，风能和混合可再生能源的辅助系统。此外，对有关应用能源，火用，能效经济和能效环境分析的最新文献进行了综述，以建立一系列综合的可再生驱动的多联产发电和海水淡化系统之间的比较。