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Language skills, and not executive functions, predict the development of reading comprehension of early readers: evidence from an orthographically transparent language
Reading and Writing ( IF 2.795 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-24 , DOI: 10.1007/s11145-020-10107-4
Dacian Dorin Dolean , Arne Lervåg , Laura Visu-Petra , Monica Melby-Lervåg

The simple view of reading proposes that the development of reading comprehension in early elementary school is best predicted by children’s fluent decoding and oral language skills. Recent studies challenge this view and suggest that executive functions should also be included in this theoretical model; however, the empirical evidence is not strong enough to clearly support or refute this hypothesis. In this short-term longitudinal study, we used latent variables to test whether executive functions have direct effects on the development of reading comprehension in 184 Romanian second graders, beyond fluent decoding and oral language skills. The results indicated that the initial stages of reading comprehension were associated with executive functions, but only the language skills could independently predict the development of reading comprehension. Our findings show that executive functions do not have a significant direct effect on the development of reading comprehension in early readers beyond fluent decoding and oral language skills in languages with transparent orthography. The results also suggest that once children learn to decode well, their language skills (and not their executive functions) have a strong effect on the development of reading comprehension. Therefore, reading interventions in elementary school should stress on the development of oral language skills.



中文翻译:

语言技能而非执行功能可以预测早期读者的阅读理解能力的发展:从字面透明的语言中得出的证据

简单的阅读观点建议,通过儿童的流利解码能力和口语能力,可以最好地预测小学早期阅读理解的发展。最近的研究对这一观点提出了挑战,并建议执行功能也应包括在该理论模型中。然而,经验证据不足以清楚地支持或驳斥这一假设。在这项短期的纵向研究中,我们使用潜变量来测试执行功能是否对184名罗马尼亚二年级学生的阅读理解能力产生直接影响,而不是流利的解码和口语表达能力。结果表明,阅读理解的初始阶段与执行功能有关,但是只有语言能力才能独立预测阅读理解的发展。我们的研究结果表明,执行功能对早期读者的阅读理解能力没有明显的直接影响,而对于透明拼字法的语言而言,其流利的解码能力和口头语言表达能力并没有。研究结果还表明,一旦孩子学会了良好的解码能力,他们的语言能力(而不是执行功能)就会对阅读理解能力产生很大的影响。因此,小学的阅读干预应强调口语能力的发展。我们的研究结果表明,执行功能对早期读者的阅读理解能力没有明显的直接影响,而对于透明拼字法的语言而言,其流利的解码能力和口头语言表达能力并没有。研究结果还表明,一旦孩子学会了良好的解码能力,他们的语言能力(而不是执行功能)就会对阅读理解能力产生很大的影响。因此,小学的阅读干预应强调口语能力的发展。我们的研究结果表明,执行功能对早期读者的阅读理解能力的发展没有直接的影响,只有透明拼写法的语言能流利的解码和口语表达能力。研究结果还表明,一旦孩子学会了良好的解码能力,他们的语言能力(而不是执行功能)就会对阅读理解能力产生很大的影响。因此,小学的阅读干预应强调口语能力的发展。

更新日期:2021-01-24
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