Urothelial carcinoma, also known as transitional cell carcinoma, is the most common primary bladder tumour in dogs, and can also involve the prostate gland. Cytology is a common diagnostic tool utilized for dogs with bladder or prostate gland lesions. The objectives of this retrospective study were to compare the sensitivity and specificity of cytologic evaluation for urothelial or prostatic carcinoma between two institutions with different cytology review protocols as well as determine if certain collection methods resulted in higher cytologic accuracy. A total of 298 cases met inclusion criteria. The overall sensitivity and specificity for institution 1 were 91.8% and 50%, respectively, compared to 31.1% and 97.4%, respectively, for institution 2. When the urine sample review protocol at institution 2 was matched to that of institution 1, sensitivity and specificity were more similar to institution 1 (71.2% and 88.9%, respectively). Our results show that the sensitivity and specificity of cytology are affected by screening and review protocols implemented by different institutions. The data also demonstrate that sensitivity and specificity vary by collection method. Diagnostic catheterization had the highest performance: of the 11 cases between two institutions, it had 100% sensitivity and specificity. In contrast, examination of urine sediment not collected via diagnostic catheterization had low sensitivity and specificity that varied greatly by institution. In summary, cytologic interpretation should be undertaken with consideration given to both processing and collection protocols.

中文翻译：

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犬前列腺癌和尿路上皮癌细胞学检测的病理学家审查方案比较：298 例双机构回顾性研究

尿路上皮癌，也称为移行细胞癌，是犬最常见的原发性膀胱肿瘤，也可累及前列腺。细胞学是用于患有膀胱或前列腺病变的狗的常用诊断工具。这项回顾性研究的目的是比较两个具有不同细胞学审查方案的机构对尿路上皮癌或前列腺癌的细胞学评估的敏感性和特异性，并确定某些收集方法是否会导致更高的细胞学准确性。共有298例符合纳入标准。机构 1 的总体敏感性和特异性分别为 91.8% 和 50%，而机构 2 的总体敏感性和特异性分别为 31.1% 和 97.4%。当机构 2 的尿液样本审查方案与机构 1 的匹配时，敏感性和特异性与机构 1 更相似（分别为 71.2% 和 88.9%）。我们的研究结果表明，细胞学的敏感性和特异性受到不同机构实施的筛选和审查协议的影响。数据还表明，敏感性和特异性因收集方法而异。诊断性导管插入术的表现最高：在两个机构之间的 11 例中，它具有 100% 的敏感性和特异性。相比之下，未通过诊断导管收集的尿沉渣检查灵敏度和特异性低，因机构而异。总之，细胞学解释应考虑到处理和收集协议。我们的研究结果表明，细胞学的敏感性和特异性受到不同机构实施的筛选和审查协议的影响。数据还表明，敏感性和特异性因收集方法而异。诊断性导管插入术的表现最高：在两个机构之间的 11 例中，它具有 100% 的敏感性和特异性。相比之下，未通过诊断导管收集的尿沉渣检查灵敏度和特异性低，因机构而异。总之，细胞学解释应考虑到处理和收集协议。我们的研究结果表明，细胞学的敏感性和特异性受到不同机构实施的筛选和审查协议的影响。数据还表明，敏感性和特异性因收集方法而异。诊断性导管插入术的表现最高：在两个机构之间的 11 例中，它具有 100% 的敏感性和特异性。相比之下，未通过诊断导管收集的尿沉渣检查灵敏度和特异性低，因机构而异。总之，细胞学解释应考虑到处理和收集协议。数据还表明，敏感性和特异性因收集方法而异。诊断性导管插入术的表现最高：在两个机构之间的 11 例中，它具有 100% 的敏感性和特异性。相比之下，未通过诊断导管收集的尿沉渣检查灵敏度和特异性低，因机构而异。总之，细胞学解释应考虑到处理和收集协议。数据还表明，敏感性和特异性因收集方法而异。诊断性导管插入术的表现最高：在两个机构之间的 11 例中，它具有 100% 的敏感性和特异性。相比之下，未通过诊断导管收集的尿沉渣检查灵敏度和特异性低，因机构而异。总之，细胞学解释应考虑到处理和收集协议。