Background

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged as a pandemic toward the end of 2019, causing large numbers of people to become infected and die.

Objective

To determine whether allergic diseases are a risk factor for hospitalization in COVID-19.

Methods

We conducted a study including 107 pediatric patients after COVID-19 recovery. The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood Phase 3 questionnaires were distributed together with a detailed history of environmental factors and an allergic evaluation including skin prick tests, specific immunoglobulin E tests, and spirometry. We investigated the prevalence of allergic diseases and evaluated the factors associated with hospitalization in COVID-19.

Results

A total of 61 (57%) patients were hospitalized and 46 (43%) patients were followed closely in the outpatient clinic. The prevalences of allergic rhinitis, asthma, atopic dermatitis, and episodic wheezing were 10.3%, 6,5%, 4.7%, and 3.7%, respectively, within the whole study population. Although having asthma with or without allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and passive tobacco exposure were not found to be related to hospitalization because of COVID-19, having a pet at home was found to decrease the risk of hospitalization (odds ratio, 0.191; 95% confidence interval, 0.047-0.779; P = .02). Spirometry tests revealed a higher forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity ratio and a peak expiratory flow reversibility in hospitalized patients than in nonhospitalized ones (P = .02 and P = .003, respectively).

Conclusion

Asthma and allergic diseases do not seem to be risk factors for hospitalization in children because of COVID-19, and having a pet at home can be a protective effect. Pulmonary function testing seems to be important for monitoring lung damage after COVID-19.

中文翻译：

---

哮喘和过敏性疾病不是冠状病毒病患儿住院的危险因素2019

背景

2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）于2019年底大流行，导致大量人被感染并死亡。

客观的

要确定过敏性疾病是否是COVID-19中住院的危险因素。

方法

我们进行了一项研究，研究对象包括107名COVID-19康复后的儿科患者。分发了《儿童哮喘和过敏国际研究》第3阶段问卷，以及详细的环境因素历史记录和过敏评估，包括皮肤点刺试验，特异性免疫球蛋白E检验和肺活量测定法。我们调查了过敏性疾病的患病率，并评估了COVID-19中与住院相关的因素。

结果

共有61名患者（57％）入院，并在门诊部密切随访了46名患者（43％）。在整个研究人群中，变应性鼻炎，哮喘，特应性皮炎和阵发性喘息的患病率分别为10.3％，6.5％，4.7％和3.7％。尽管由于COVID-19而未发现哮喘伴或不伴过敏性鼻炎，特应性皮炎和被动吸烟与住院无关，但发现在家养宠物可降低住院风险（赔率，0.191； 95） ％置信区间，0.047-0.779；P  = .02）。肺活量测试显示，住院患者与非住院患者相比，在一秒钟内的强制呼气量与强制肺活量之比更高，并且呼气流量可逆性达到峰值（P 分别为.02和P  = 0.003）。

结论

由于COVID-19，哮喘和过敏性疾病似乎不是儿童住院的危险因素，在家中养宠物可以起到保护作用。肺功能测试对于监测COVID-19后的肺损伤似乎很重要。