Scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration should provide the right cues for stem cell adhesion and proliferation, but also lead to their osteogenic differentiation. Hydrogels of modified platelet lysates (PLMA) show the proper mechanical stability for cell encapsulation and contain essential bioactive molecules required for cell maintenance. We prepared a novel PLMA-based nanocomposite for bone repair and regeneration capable of releasing biofactors to induce osteogenic differentiation. Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) were encapsulated in PLMA hydrogels containing bioactive mesoporous silica nanoparticles previously loaded with dexamethasone and functionalized with calcium and phosphate ions. After 21 d of culture, hBM-MSCs remained viable, presented a stretched morphology, and showed signs of osteogenic differentiation, namely the presence of significant amounts of alkaline phosphatase, bone morphogenic protein-2 and osteopontin, hydroxyapatite, and calcium nodules. Developed for the first time, PLMA/MSNCaPDex nanocomposites were able to guide the differentiation of hBM-MSCs without any other osteogenic supplementation.

用于骨组织再生的支架应为干细胞粘附和增殖提供正确的线索，但也可导致其成骨分化。修饰的血小板裂解物（PLMA）的水凝胶显示出适当的机械稳定性，可用于细胞封装，并包含维持细胞所需的重要生物活性分子。我们准备了一种新颖的基于PLMA的纳米复合材料，用于骨骼修复和再生，能够释放生物因子以诱导成骨分化。将人骨髓来源的间充质干细胞（hBM-MSC）封装在PLMA水凝胶中，该水凝胶中含有生物活性的中孔二氧化硅纳米粒子，该纳米粒子先前装有地塞米松并已被钙和磷酸根离子官能化。培养21天后，hBM-MSC仍然存活，呈现拉伸形态，并显示成骨分化迹象，即存在大量的碱性磷酸酶，骨形态发生蛋白2和骨桥蛋白，羟磷灰石和钙结节。首次开发的PLMA / MSNCaPDex纳米复合材料能够指导hBM-MSC的分化，而无需任何其他成骨作用的补充。