A method for the efficient prediction of the course-keeping capability of sailing yachts in upwind sailing is presented, based on an integrated modular aero- and hydrodynamic model. The transient aerodynamic forces on the sails are calculated via the lifting surface theory and in particular the vortex lattice method for unsteady flows. The varying character of these forces due to sail shape deformation is accounted for via a finite element scheme for thin shells that is coupled to the force calculation module. The sails’ solver is coupled further to a potential flow solver for yacht hydrodynamics in waves combining panel and strip theory approaches and accounting for the instantaneous waterline. The integrated model can predict the motions in 6 degrees of freedom. Several maneuvering scenarios of the yacht are investigated by using the new model and conclusions are drawn for the operability limits of a cruiser yacht sustaining bow-quartering regular waves and unidirectional wind, with respect to maintaining, in the mean, the desired upwind heading. More specifically, course stability diagrams are produced for two types of course-keeping scenarios: in the first, the yacht performs tacking maneuvers; while in the second, the yacht is tried to maintain a prescribed constant heading with minimum corrections. The paper includes a comprehensive review of the state-of-art in order to demonstrate the niche of the proposed approach.

提出了一种基于集成的模块化空气动力学模型的有效预测逆风航行中游艇航向能力的方法。帆上的瞬态空气动力通过升力面理论，特别是用于非定常流动的涡流格子法来计算。这些作用力由于帆形变形而产生的变化特性，是通过与力计算模块耦合的薄壳有限元方案解决的。帆的解算器进一步与势能解算器耦合，用于波浪中的游艇流体动力学，结合了面板和条带理论方法并考虑了瞬时水线。集成模型可以预测6个自由度的运动。通过使用新模型研究了游艇的几种操纵情况，并得出了在维持船首四分之一规则波浪和单向风的巡洋舰游艇的可操作性极限方面的结论，同时平均地保持了所需的迎风航向。更具体地，针对两种类型的航线保持情况生成航线稳定性图：首先，游艇进行定位操纵；其次，游艇进行定位操纵。在第二步中，尝试将游艇保持规定的恒定航向并进行最小限度的校正。本文包括对最新技术的全面回顾，以证明所提议方法的特殊性。所需的迎风方向。更具体地，针对两种类型的航线保持情况生成航线稳定性图：首先，游艇进行定位操纵；其次，游艇进行定位操纵。在第二步中，尝试将游艇保持规定的恒定航向并进行最小限度的校正。本文包括对最新技术的全面回顾，以证明所提议方法的特殊性。所需的迎风方向。更具体地，针对两种类型的航线保持情况生成航线稳定性图：首先，游艇进行定位操纵；其次，游艇进行定位操纵。在第二步中，尝试将游艇保持规定的恒定航向并进行最小限度的校正。本文包括对最新技术的全面回顾，以证明所提出方法的特殊性。