Research on the environmental impact of plastics, especially on the effect of microplastics (MPs), has become a priority issue in recent years, mainly in terrestrial ecosystems where there is a lack of studies. This work aims to assess the impact of two types of polyethylene MPs, white microbeads (W) and fluorescent blue microbeads (FB), and their interactions with two contaminants, ibuprofen (Ib) and simazine (Sz), on different organisms. A set of bioassays for Vibrio fischeri, Caenorhabditis elegans and Lactuca sativa was carried out, which helped to establish the ecotoxicological impact of those pollutants. C. elegans showed the least sensitivity, while V. fischeri and L. sativa showed a high toxicological response to MPs alone. We found that W and FB induced an inhibition of 27% and 5.79%, respectively, in V. fischeri, and the growth inhibition rates were near 70% in L. sativa for both MPs. MPs exhibited a potential role as contaminant vectors in V. fischeri since the inhibition caused by W-Ib or W-Sz complexes was near 39%. The W-Sz complex significantly reduced leaf development in L. sativa, and a reduction of 30% in seed germination was detected when the complex FB-Sz was tested. This study reveals the importance of designing a complete set of analyses with organisms from different trophic levels, considering the great variability in the effects of MPs and the high number of relevant factors.

近年来，关于塑料对环境的影响，特别是对微塑料（MPs）的影响的研究已成为一个优先问题，主要是在缺乏研究的陆地生态系统中。这项工作旨在评估两种类型的聚乙烯MP，即白色微珠（W）和荧光蓝微珠（FB），以及它们与两种污染物布洛芬（Ib）和西咪嗪（Sz）的相互作用对不同生物的影响。对费氏弧菌，秀丽隐杆线虫和苜蓿进行了一套生物测定，这有助于确定这些污染物的生态毒理学影响。秀丽隐杆线虫显示的敏感性最低，而费氏弧菌和苜蓿仅表现出对MP的高毒理学反应。我们发现W和FB分别在费氏弧菌中诱导了27％和5.79％的抑制作用，并且两种MP在紫花苜蓿中的生长抑制率均接近70％。国会议员表现为在污染物矢量中的潜在作用V.鲵由于由W-Ib或W-SZ络合物时，抑制是接近39％。W-Sz复合物显着降低了紫花苜蓿的叶片发育，当测试复合物FB-Sz时，种子发芽减少了30％。这项研究揭示了考虑到MP效应的巨大差异和大量相关因素，设计来自不同营养水平的生物进行完整分析的重要性。