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GIS-based spatial landslide distribution analysis of district Neelum, AJ&K, Pakistan
Natural Hazards ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-23 , DOI: 10.1007/s11069-021-04502-5
Shah Naseer , Tanveer Ul Haq , Abdullah Khan , Javed Iqbal Tanoli , Nangyal Ghani Khan , Faizan-ur-Rehman Qaiser , Syed Tallataf Hussain Shah

The Landslide happens in mountainous regions due to the catastrophe of slope through intensive rain and seismicity. The Himalayas is one of the susceptible parts of the world in the perspective of slope catastrophe hazard; i.e., Mass Movement, especially Neelum valley is considerable destruction of community infrastructure, highway, and critically disturbed the tourism segment. Landslide is a common and recurrent phenomenon in the northern mountainous terrain of Pakistan such as District Neelum. After the 2005 Kashmir earthquake, the importance of landslide investigation is increasing. The purpose of this research is to establish a brief landslide inventory and to determine the relationship of landslides with causative factors by spatial distribution analysis. With the aid of Google Earth imageries and field visits, a total of 618 landslides were identified in the study area of 3621 km. These landslide localities compared with causative factors. Finally, distribution maps are generated and analyse their feature class through Digital Elevation Model and ArcGIS. Landslide intensity is calculated in terms of landslide concentration. Landslide concentration (LC) is significantly found very high in slope gradient less than 30 (1.21) and the first 100 m zone around the road network (15.06). A bit higher landslide frequency is noted in east orienting slopes. In the first 100 m, zone road network and drainage networks are 83.49% and 62.78% of the total landslide occurs having LC value 4.6, respectively. The analysis shows that the steep slopes, an area closer to the road network, drainage network, barren lands, and Quaternary alluvium of loose material are more susceptible to landslides. In addition, a landslide classification map is also prepared on the basis of field observation that shows that debris slides are more dominating.



中文翻译:

巴基斯坦AJ&K Neelum地区基于GIS的空间滑坡分布分析

滑坡发生在山区,这是由于强烈降雨和地震造成的山坡灾害。从斜坡巨灾危害的角度看,喜马拉雅山是世界上最脆弱的地区之一;也就是说,群众运动,特别是Neelum山谷严重破坏了社区的基础设施,高速公路,并严重扰乱了旅游业。滑坡是巴基斯坦北部山区(如Neelum地区)的常见现象。在2005年克什米尔地震之后,滑坡调查的重要性日益提高。本研究的目的是建立简短的滑坡清单,并通过空间分布分析确定滑坡与致病因素的关系。借助Google地球图像和实地考察,在研究区3621 km内,共发现618个滑坡。这些滑坡发生的地方与成因相比。最后,生成分布图,并通过Digital Elevation Model和ArcGIS分析其要素类。滑坡强度是根据滑坡浓度计算的。在坡度小于30(1.21)和道路网周围的第一个100 m区域的坡度中,滑坡浓度(LC)非常高。在东向的斜坡上发现了更高的滑坡频率。在最初的100 m中,区域道路网和排水网分别占总滑坡的83.49%和62.78%,LC值为4.6。分析表明,陡峭的斜坡,更靠近公路网,排水网络,荒芜土地的区域,松散物质的第四纪冲积层更易发生滑坡。此外,在野外观察的基础上,还准备了滑坡分类图,显示出泥石流占主导地位。

更新日期:2021-01-24
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