Hot desert regions are undoubtedly challenging to fungal survival on the Arabian Peninsula. Fungi are, however, recognized as the most stress-resistant organisms among all eukaryotes, which could be a result of the rapid evolution of distinct species. Our current understanding of these microorganisms is derived from studies examining only a fraction of the overall fungal diversity. Therefore, further studies are needed to understand the diversity of fungi in desert regions. This paper highlights the taxonomy of several unusual fungal genera collected in a range of aquatic and terrestrial environments in Oman. These taxa were identified based on phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) (LSU, SSU and ITS) and protein-coding genes (TEF, RPB2 and TUB), plus morphological comparisons. Phylogenetic analyses, including the presently recognized genera in Patellariales resulted in splitting the order into four clades in Dothideomycetes. The new family Holmiellaceae and new order Holmiellales are introduced to include Holmiella. Species of Homortomycetaceae form a well-supported and distinct clade and raise it to Homortomycetales ordo novus. Omania (Halojulellaceae), Desertiserpentica (Lophiostomataceae) and Montanitestudina (Testudinaceae) are described as novel genera in Dothideomycetes. A synnematous hyphomycete with basidiomycetous affinity (Corticiales) was also identified and described as Basidiodesertica. Additionally, an asexual morph was observed for Holmiella junipericola; Patellaria quercus is synonymized under P. atrata, and seven new species are described.

毫无疑问，炎热的沙漠地区对阿拉伯半岛的真菌生存提出了挑战。然而，真菌被认为是所有真核生物中最抗逆的生物，这可能是不同物种迅速进化的结果。我们目前对这些微生物的了解源自研究，这些研究仅检查了总体真菌多样性的一小部分。因此，需要进一步的研究来了解沙漠地区真菌的多样性。本文重点介绍了在阿曼一系列水生和陆地环境中收集的几种不寻常的真菌属的分类。这些类群是根据核糖体DNA（rDNA）（LSU，SSU和ITS）和蛋白质编码基因（TEF，RPB2和TUB）的系统发育分析确定的），以及形态比较。系统发育分析，包括目前公认的Pat骨属，导致将该顺序分为十二生丝菌纲的四个进化枝。引入了新的Holmiellaceae科和新订购的Holmiellales以包括Holmiella。Homortomycetaceae的物种形成了很好的支持和独特的分支，并将其提升到Homortomycetales欧尔 Novus公司。阿曼尼亚（Halojulellaceae），荒漠喷剂（Lophiostomataceae）和Montanitestudina（Testudinaceae）被描述为十二指肠菌的新属。还鉴定了具有担子菌亲和力的同系菌丝体（Corticiales），并描述为Basidiodesertica。此外，霍米氏菌（Holmiella junipericola）也观察到无性型。ella骨 栎（Patterellaria quercus）是阿氏 杆菌（P. atrata）的代名词，描述了七个新物种。