Sunflower is one of the most important oil crops in Ethiopia in terms of edible oil and holds significant promise for improvement and development improved varieties. The present study was initiated to study the genetic diversity and performance of sunflower genotypes that enables to harness its seed yield and oil content improvement by using 25 genotypes including two standard checks namely Russian black and Oissa at Holeta Agricultural research center by using simple lattice design. The genotypes characterized for different agro-morphological traits and oil content. The analyses of variances have revealed highly significant difference among the genotypes for all the characters. The data revealed that sufficient variability was present among sunflower genotypes considered under this study. High Phenotypic coefficient variation, Genotypic coefficient variation and estimates of heritability (broad sense) were obtained for seed yield, oil content, oil yield, and thousand seed weight while the above parameters were found to be less compared to characters. High heritability accompanied with high genetic advance, as per percentages of mean was observed in case of seed yield, oil content, oil yield per plot, harvest index, head diameter and plant height suggesting importance of additive genetic action in the inheritance of these characters. While, high heritability coupled with moderate genetic advance was observed for days to maturity and days to 50% flowering, seed yield per plant, leaf number and reproductive phase. These indicate that the traits were controlled by additive gene action. Days to maturity, oil yield, seed yield per plant, head diameter and reproductive phase revealed positive association and had positive direct effect of seed yield. Based on genetic distance (D² value), the genotypes under this study were grouped into two clusters indicating wider genetic diversity among the genotypes. Among the two clusters, cluster II represented the largest genotypes (18) followed by cluster I (4) genotypes and cluster S₁, S₂, and S₃ genotypes. The clustering pattern indicated the absence of relationship between genetic diversity and geographical origin of genotypes. The maximum inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster I (D² = 6.85). Out of the thirteen traits four significant principal components (PCs) exhibited more than 1 Eigen value and showed about 80.2% variability among the genotypes studied. The first PC accounted 41% of the variances that implies greater proportion of variable information explained by PC1. This indicates that any improvement of these characters would result in a substantial increment of seed yield.

就食用油而言，向日葵是埃塞俄比亚最重要的油料作物之一，对改良和开发改良品种具有重大前景。本研究的开始是为了研究向日葵基因型的遗传多样性和性能，该基因型可以利用25种基因型利用向日葵的种子产量和油料含量的提高，其中包括在霍尔塔农业研究中心通过简单的点阵设计进行的两种标准检查，即俄罗斯黑和Oissa。不同农业形态性状和含油量的基因型特征。方差分析表明，所有字符的基因型之间都存在非常显着的差异。数据表明，在这项研究中考虑的向日葵基因型之间存在足够的变异性。表型系数变化大，获得了种子产量，油含量，油产量和千粒重的基因型系数变化和遗传力（广义）估计，而上述参数与性状相比较少。在种子产量，含油量，每块地的产油量，收成指数，头径和株高的情况下，按照平均百分比观察，高遗传力伴随着高遗传进展，这表明在这些特征的遗传中加性遗传作用的重要性。同时，观察到高遗传力和适度的遗传进展持续了几天到成熟，开花到50％的天数，每株植物的种子产量，叶数和生殖期。这些表明性状受累加基因作用的控制。成熟天数，油产量，单株种子产量，头径与生殖期呈正相关，对种子产量有正向直接影响。基于遗传距离（D²值），本研究中的基因型被分为两个簇，表明这些基因型之间存在更广泛的遗传多样性。在两个聚类中，聚类II代表最大的基因型（18），其次是聚类I（4）基因型和聚类S ₁，S ₂和S ₃基因型。聚类模式表明遗传多样性和基因型的地理起源之间没有关系。在群集I之间观察到最大群集间距离（D ² = 6.85）。在这13个性状中，四个重要的主成分（PC）表现出超过1的本征值，并且在所研究的基因型中表现出约80.2％的变异性。第一台PC占方差的41％，这意味着PC1解释的可变信息的比例更大。这表明这些特性的任何改善将导致种子产量的大幅增加。