This article examines the use, impacts, and regulation of assault weapons and other high‐capacity semiautomatic firearms as they pertain to the problem of mass shootings in the United States. High‐capacity semiautomatics (which include assault weapons as a subset) are used in between 20% and 58% of all firearm mass murders, and they are used in a particularly high share of public mass shootings. Mass shootings perpetrated with these firearms result in substantially more fatalities and injuries than do attacks with other firearms, and these differences are especially pronounced for the number of victims with nonfatal gunshot injuries. The federal ban on assault weapons and large‐capacity (>10 rounds) ammunition magazines of 1994 had exemptions and loopholes that limited its short‐term effects, but its expiration in 2004 was followed by an increase in the use of these weapons in mass shootings and other crimes. Growing evidence suggests that state‐level restrictions on large‐capacity magazines reduce mass shootings, but further research is needed on the implementation and effects of these laws.

中文翻译：

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通过限制攻击性武器和其他高容量半自动枪支，评估减少大规模枪击造成的伤亡的潜力

本文研究了与美国大规模枪击问题有关的攻击武器和其他高容量半自动枪支的使用，影响和管制。高容量半自动武器（包括攻击武器作为子集）在所有枪支大规模杀人案中占20％至58％，并且在公共大规模枪击事件中所占比例特别高。与其他枪支袭击相比，使用这些枪支进行的大规模枪击造成的死亡和伤害要大得多，而这种差异在非致命性枪击伤害的受害者人数中尤为明显。1994年，联邦禁止使用攻击性武器和大容量（> 10发子弹）弹药的禁令和漏洞限制了其短期影响，但在2004年到期后，在大规模枪击和其他犯罪中增加了使用这些武器的机会。越来越多的证据表明，国家对大容量杂志的限制会减少大规模枪击事件，但需要进一步研究这些法律的实施和效果。