This study investigated the empowerment status of urban women in Pakistan using a multidimensional approach in Lahore – a metropolitan city. Analysis of survey data of 260 women revealed that around two-thirds of women were not empowered. Three dimensions of women's empowerment (WE) – control over resources, mobility and participation in household decision making are relatively weak. A significant proportion of women (49%) did not have control over spending of family savings. A majority of them (70-85%) neither had ownership rights of fixed property (i.e. land and house) nor control over its sale. Around 80% and 55% of women had constrained mobility respectively to financial institutions, and friends (out of city). Moreover, a majority of them did not have participation in household decisions on investment of family savings and purchase of fixed property (i.e. land and house), and availing of financial services. Study also revealed that single women are less empowered compared to married women. Likewise, women with salaried employment were also less empowered than non-working women. Based on findings, the study suggested some key recommendations on women's property rights, improving their role in household decision making, ensuring women friendly workplace environment, and public awareness campaigns through media and academic curricula. It is also highlights that WE is not only key to achieve Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) – 5, but can also contribute to achieve several other SDGs.

这项研究使用大城市拉合尔的多维方法调查了巴基斯坦城市妇女的赋权状况。对260名妇女的调查数据的分析表明，大约三分之二的妇女没有权力。妇女赋权的三个方面–对资源，流动性和参与家庭决策的控制相对薄弱。很大一部分妇女（49％）无法控制家庭储蓄的支出。他们中的大多数（70-85％）既没有固定资产（即土地和房屋）的所有权，也没有控制其出售的权利。分别有约80％和55％的妇女限制了向金融机构和朋友（出城）的流动性。此外，他们中的大多数没有参与关于家庭储蓄投资和购买固定资产（即土地和房屋）以及提供金融服务的家庭决策。研究还显示，与已婚女性相比，单身女性的权能较低。同样，受薪工作的妇女也比没有工作的妇女受权较少。根据调查结果，该研究提出了有关妇女财产权，改善妇女在家庭决策中的作用，确保妇女友好的工作环境以及通过媒体和学术课程开展的提高公众认识运动的一些关键建议。它还强调，WE不仅是实现可持续发展目标（SDG）– 5的关键，而且还可以为实现其他几个SDG做出贡献。研究还显示，与已婚女性相比，单身女性的权能较低。同样，受薪工作的妇女也比没有工作的妇女受权较少。根据调查结果，该研究提出了有关妇女财产权，改善妇女在家庭决策中的作用，确保妇女友好的工作环境以及通过媒体和学术课程开展的提高公众认识运动的一些关键建议。它还强调，WE不仅是实现可持续发展目标（SDG）– 5的关键，而且还可以为实现其他几个SDG做出贡献。研究还显示，与已婚女性相比，单身女性的权能较低。同样，受薪工作的妇女也比没有工作的妇女受权较少。根据调查结果，该研究提出了有关妇女财产权，改善妇女在家庭决策中的作用，确保妇女友好的工作环境以及通过媒体和学术课程开展的提高公众认识运动的一些关键建议。它还强调，WE不仅是实现可持续发展目标（SDG）– 5的关键，而且还可以为实现其他几个SDG做出贡献。通过媒体和学术课程，提高她们在家庭决策中的作用，确保妇女享有友好的工作环境，并开展提高公众认识的运动。它还强调，WE不仅是实现可持续发展目标（SDG）– 5的关键，而且还可以为实现其他几个SDG做出贡献。通过媒体和学术课程，提高她们在家庭决策中的作用，确保妇女享有友好的工作环境，并开展提高公众认识的运动。它还强调，WE不仅是实现可持续发展目标（SDG）– 5的关键，而且还可以为实现其他几个SDG做出贡献。