ABSTRACT

This paper analyzes the impact that the Covid-19 pandemic has had on corrections and crime in the southern region of Europe formed by Spain and Portugal. The main mechanisms of transmission of Covid-19 are the physical proximity between people and the fact of sharing eventually infected targets. In prisons and other correctional contexts people live in close proximity and share the same facilities. As a result, the correctional context has proven to be a critical “hot spot” for the transmission of the Covid-19 pandemic in inmates and correctional staff. First, the magnitude of the infection and their associated health and psychosocial problems (prison incidents, social isolation…) are described. Second, the main sanitary, social, and correctional measures applied to prevent contagion and their related damages are presented (lockdown, use of communication technologies with families, etc.). Third, it is analyzed whether there has been a relationship between the confinement caused by the pandemic and the crime rates observed in Spain and Portugal during this same period. Finally, from the impact in corrections of pandemic and the actions taken to fight it, several important lessons are derived for the future improvement of correctional systems.

摘要

本文分析了Covid-19大流行对西班牙和葡萄牙组成的欧洲南部地区的惩戒和犯罪的影响。Covid-19的主要传播机制是人与人之间的物理距离以及共享最终感染目标的事实。在监狱和其他教养环境中，人们居住在很近的地方，并拥有相同的设施。因此，事实证明，惩教环境是在囚犯和教养人员中传播Covid-19大流行的关键“热点”。首先，描述了感染的严重程度及其相关的健康和社会心理问题（监狱事件，社会隔离……）。其次，介绍了用于预防传染病及其相关损害的主要卫生，社会和惩戒措施（锁定，与家人等使用通讯技术）。第三，分析在同一时期由大流行引起的禁闭与西班牙和葡萄牙所观察到的犯罪率之间是否存在关系。最后，从大流行更正的影响和采取的对付大流行的行动中，可以得出一些重要的经验教训，以供今后完善惩戒系统之用。