This study concerns the struggle for Philadelphia's LOVE Park, which involved the general public and its functionaries on one side and skateboarders on the other. This paper argues LOVE Park was one place composed of two distinct spaces: the public space the public engendered and the common space the skateboarders produced. This case demonstrates that public and common space must be understood as distinct, for they entail different understandings of publicly accessible space. Additionally, public and common spaces often exist simultaneously as “public–common spaces,” which emphasizes how they reciprocally shape one another. This sheds light on the emergence of “anti–common public space,” which is evident in LOVE Park's 2016 redesign. This concept considers how common spaces are increasingly negated in public spaces. The introduction of common space to the study of public spaces is significant as it allows for more nuanced understandings of transformations in the urban landscape.

中文翻译：

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公共空间、公共空间和中间空间：费城爱情公园的案例研究

这项研究涉及费城 LOVE Park 的斗争，其中一方面涉及普通公众及其工作人员，另一方面涉及滑板者。本文认为 LOVE Park 是一个由两个不同空间组成的地方：公众创造的公共空间和滑板爱好者创造的公共空间。这个案例表明，公共空间和公共空间必须被理解为不同的，因为它们包含对公共可访问空间的不同理解。此外，公共空间和公共空间通常以“公共-公共空间”的形式同时存在，这强调了它们如何相互塑造。这揭示了“反公共空间”的出现，这在 LOVE Park 2016 年的重新设计中很明显。这个概念考虑了公共空间如何在公共空间中日益被否定。