The paper is one of the first empirical attempts that builds on the moral dilemmas and group rationality literature to explore the way in which group composition with respect to group members’ individual choices in moral dilemmas and social influence processes impact on group moral choices. First individually and then, in small groups, 221 participants were asked to decide on 10 moral dilemmas. Our results show that emergent group level utilitarianism is higher than the average individual utilitarianism, yet, lower than the highest individual utilitarianism within groups. We also show that average individual utilitarianism positively predicts group utilitarianism while group fragmentation in individual utilitarianism has a negative effect on group utilitarianism. Next to group composition, minority influence processes explain additional variance in group utilitarianism, cognitive dissent having a positive influence, while normative deviance a negative influence on group utilitarianism. Majority influence has no significant influence on group utilitarianism. Finally, our results show that the relationship between group fragmentation in individual utilitarianism and emergent group utilitarianism is mediated by the two forms of minority influence.

中文翻译：

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道德困境中的“我”与“我们”：群体构成和社会影响对群体功利主义的影响

本文是建立在道德困境和群体理性文献基础上的第一批经验尝试之一，旨在探讨在道德困境和社会影响过程中，群体组成与群体成员的个人选择有关的方式对群体道德选择的影响。首先是个人，然后是小组，有221名参与者被要求决定10个道德困境。我们的结果表明，新兴的群体层面的功利主义高于平均个人功利主义，但低于群体内最高的个人功利主义。我们还表明，平均个人功利主义对群体功利主义具有积极的预测作用，而个人功利主义中的群体分化对群体功利主义则具有负面影响。在组组成旁边，少数群体的影响过程解释了群体功利主义的额外差异，认知异议对群体功利主义具有积极影响，而规范偏差则对群体功利主义具有负面影响。多数影响对团体功利主义没有重大影响。最后，我们的结果表明，个人功利主义中的群体分裂与新兴群体功利主义之间的关系是由两种形式的少数群体影响来调节的。