This article examines the impact of the legal candidate quota for women in Indonesia following the 2019 general elections. It argues that the legal candidate quota is working to increase women's numerical representation, even if progress is gradual and hard won. Second, it has become clear that the position of candidates on party lists is critical for electoral success. Awareness of this issue empowers women candidates and activists to lobby political parties to improve women's positions on party lists as a demonstration of political parties' commitment to gender equality. A third observation is that the turnover of women parliamentarians remains high, which means women still struggle to build careers as legislators and to effect legislative change in the interests of women. The article also addresses the role of political parties in selecting and promoting a minimum of 30% women candidates and argues that party structures are an obstacle, especially party organisations that purport to promote women's issues. Findings from this study suggest that Indonesia does not need major electoral reform to strengthen women's numerical representation in parliament. However, women candidates will need more support from political parties if they are to win and retain more seats.

中文翻译：

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配额和投票：积极行动政策对印度尼西亚妇女代表制的影响

本文研究了2019年大选后印度尼西亚合法候选人配额对女性的影响。它认为，即使进步是渐进的和来之不易的，合法候选人配额仍在努力提高妇女的数字代表性。第二，很明显，候选人在政党名单上的位置对于选举成功至关重要。对这一问题的认识使妇女候选人和活动家有能力游说政党，以提高妇女在政党名单上的地位，以表明政党对两性平等的承诺。第三个观察结果是，女议员的离职率仍然很高，这意味着妇女仍在努力建立立法者的职业并为妇女利益进行立法变革。文章还论述了政党在选择和晋升至少30％的女性候选人中的作用，并指出政党结构是一个障碍，尤其是那些声称要提倡妇女问题的政党组织。这项研究的结果表明，印度尼西亚无需进行重大选举改革即可增强妇女在议会中的数字代表权。但是，女候选人要想赢得并保留更多席位，就需要政党的更多支持。