BACKGROUND Radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) is typified by multiple sclerosis (MS)-like lesions on imaging, without clinical MS symptoms. The prevalence of pediatric RIS is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study is to provide an estimated RIS prevalence in a population-based cohort of children. METHODS We used data from the Generation R study to identify the childhood RIS prevalence. RESULTS In 5238 participants, only one RIS case was identified (prevalence: 0.02%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.00-0.11). During a 62-month follow-up, imaging examinations showed accrual of new focal demyelinating lesions; however, no clinical MS symptoms occurred. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that the occurrence of RIS in children from the general population is rare.

中文翻译：

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儿童人群队列中放射学孤立综合征的患病率：罕见诊断的纵向描述

背景放射学孤立综合征 (RIS) 的典型特征是影像学上的多发性硬化 (MS) 样病变，没有临床 MS 症状。儿科 RIS 的患病率在很大程度上是未知的。目的 本研究的目的是提供基于人群的儿童队列中 RIS 的估计患病率。方法 我们使用来自 R 世代研究的数据来确定儿童 RIS 的患病率。结果 在 5238 名参与者中，仅确定了 1 例 RIS（患病率：0.02%；95% 置信区间 (CI)：0.00-0.11）。在 62 个月的随访期间，影像学检查显示出现新的局灶性脱髓鞘病变；然而，没有出现临床 MS 症状。结论 本研究表明，普通人群中儿童发生 RIS 的情况很少见。