Nitrogen, Sulfur, and Phosphorus Codoped Hollow Carbon Microtubes Derived from Silver Willow Blossoms as a High-Performance Anode for Sodium-Ion Batteries,Energy & Fuels

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Nitrogen, Sulfur, and Phosphorus Codoped Hollow Carbon Microtubes Derived from Silver Willow Blossoms as a High-Performance Anode for Sodium-Ion Batteries
Energy & Fuels ( IF 5.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c04258
Dan Yang ₁ , Shaojun Li ₁ , Dejian Cheng ₁ , Lei Miao ₂ , Weihao Zhong ₁ , Xiaoqing Yang ₁ , Zhenghui Li ₁

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Hard carbon materials have been considered as one of the most promising candidates as the anode in sodium-ion batteries. However, scale application of state-of-the-art hard carbon anodes is still hampered on account of their complicated, toxic, and time-consuming preparation techniques. In the present paper, silver willow blossoms composed of natural micrometer-scale fibers are employed to construct N, S, and P codoped hollow carbon microtubes (HCMTs) by direct high-temperature carbonization. The HCMT has a nanoscale wall with several micrometer-sized hollow cavities, which is facilitated to optimize the sodium-ion transfer. In addition, the temperature-dependent, tailorable interlayer spacing coupled with doped heteroatoms is able to provide sufficient energy storage sites. By combining these unique structural advantages, the HCMT exhibits impressive sodium storage performance. The HCMT sample pyrolyzed under 1300 °C is able to deliver a highly reversible capacity of 302 mAh g^–1, and after repeated charge/discharge for 100 times, the capacity retains 301 mAh g^–1, indicating no visible degradation. Moreover, under a large current density up to 1 A g^–1, a high capacity of 201 mAh g^–1 is still achieved, demonstrating good rate capability.

中文翻译：

源自银柳花的氮，硫和磷共掺杂空心碳微管，作为钠离子电池的高性能阳极

硬碳材料被认为是钠离子电池阳极的最有希望的候选材料之一。然而，由于其复杂，有毒且耗时的制备技术，目前仍难以阻碍最先进的硬碳阳极的大规模应用。在本文中，由天然微米级纤维组成的银柳花被用于通过直接高温碳化来构建N，S和P共掺杂的空心碳微管（HCMT）。HCMT的纳米级壁具有数个微米大小的中空腔，这有助于优化钠离子的传输。另外，与温度相关的，可定制的层间间隔与掺杂的杂原子耦合能够提供足够的能量存储位点。通过结合这些独特的结构优势，HCMT具有出色的钠存储性能。在1300°C下热解的HCMT样品能够提供302 mAh g的高度可逆容量^–1，并且重复充电/放电100次后，容量保持301 mAh g ^–1，表明没有明显的退化。此外，在高达1 A g ^–1的大电流密度下，仍可实现201 mAh g ^–1的高容量，显示出良好的倍率能力。

更新日期：2021-02-04

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