Background. Our previous research showed the antioxidant activity of anthocyanins extracted from Aronia melanocarpa of black chokeberry in vitro. Ischemia acute kidney injury is a significant risk in developing progressive and deterioration of renal function leading to clinic chronic kidney disease. There were many attempts to protect the kidney against this progression of renal damage. Current study was designed to examine the effect of pretreatment with three anthocyanins named cyanidin-3-arabinoside, cyanidin-3-glucodise, and cyaniding-3-galactoside against acute ischemia-reperfusion injury in mouse kidney. Methods. Acute renal injury model was initiated by 30 min clamping bilateral renal pedicle and followed by 24-hour reperfusion in C57Bl/6J mice. Four groups of mice were orally pretreated in 50 mg/g/12 h for two weeks with cyanidin-3-arabinoside, cyanidin-3-glucodise, and cyaniding-3-galactoside and anthocyanins (three-cyanidin mixture), respectively, sham-control group and the renal injury-untreated groups only with saline. Results. The model resulted in renal dysfunction with high serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and changes in proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-ɑ, IL-1β, IL-6, and MCP-1), renal oxidative stress (SOD, GSH, and CAT), lipid peroxidation (TBARS and MDA), and apoptosis (caspase-9). Pretreatment of two weeks resulted in different extent amelioration of renal dysfunction and tubular damage and suppression of proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and apoptosis, thus suggesting that cyanidins are potentially effective in acute renal ischemia by the decrease of inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation, as well as apoptosis. Conclusion. the current study provided the first attempt to investigate the role of anthocyanins purified from Aronia melanocarpa berry in amelioration of acute renal failure via antioxidant and cytoprotective effects.

中文翻译：

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野樱莓提取物花青素对小鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

背景。我们之前的研究表明，从黑野樱莓中提取的花青素在体外具有抗氧化活性。缺血性急性肾损伤是导致临床慢性肾病的肾功能进行性和恶化的重大风险。有许多尝试来保护肾脏免受这种肾损伤的发展。目前的研究旨在检查三种花青素预处理对小鼠肾脏急性缺血再灌注损伤的影响，分别是 cyanidin-3-arabinoside、cyanidin-3-glucodise 和 cyaniding-3-galactoside。方法. 急性肾损伤模型是通过 30 分钟夹紧双侧肾蒂开始，然后在 C57Bl/6J 小鼠中进行 24 小时再灌注。四组小鼠分别以 50 mg/g/12 h 口服花青素-3-阿拉伯糖苷、花青素-3-葡萄糖苷、花青素-3-半乳糖苷和花青素（三花青素混合物）预处理两周。对照组和肾损伤未治疗组仅用生理盐水。结果。该模型导致肾功能障碍，血清肌酐、血尿素氮和促炎细胞因子（TNF-ɑ、IL-1 β、IL-6 和 MCP-1）、肾氧化应激（SOD、GSH 和 CAT）、脂质过氧化（TBARS 和 MDA）和细胞凋亡（caspase-9）。预处理两周后，肾功能不全和肾小管损伤得到不同程度的改善，促炎细胞因子、氧化应激、脂质过氧化和细胞凋亡得到抑制，提示花青素通过减轻炎症、氧化应激、和脂质过氧化，以及细胞凋亡。结论。目前的研究首次尝试研究从黑果野莓中纯化的花青素通过抗氧化和细胞保护作用改善急性肾功能衰竭的作用。