The Lolium genus encompasses many species that colonize a variety of disturbed and non-disturbed environments. Lolium perenne L. spp. perenne, L. perenne L. spp. multiflorum, and L. rigidum are of particular interest to weed scientists because of their ability to thrive in agricultural and non-agricultural areas. Herbicides are the main tool to control these weeds; however, Lolium spp. populations have evolved multiple- and cross-resistance to at least 14 herbicide mechanisms of action in more than 21 countries, with reports of multiple herbicide resistance to at least seven mechanisms of action in a single population. In this review, we summarize what is currently known about non-target-site resistance in Lolium spp. to acetyl CoA carboxylase, acetohydroxyacid synthase, microtubule assembly, photosystem II, 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase, glutamine synthetase, very-long chain fatty acids, and photosystem I inhibitors. We suggest research topics that need to be addressed, as well as strategies to further our knowledge and uncover the mechanisms of non-target-site resistance in Lolium spp.

这黑麦草属属包含许多在各种受干扰和不受干扰环境中定居的物种。多年生黑麦草L. spp。佩雷讷,L。佩雷讷L. spp。何首乌， 和L。硬质由于它们能够在农业和非农业领域蓬勃发展，因此杂草科学家特别感兴趣。除草剂是控制这些杂草的主要工具；然而，黑麦草属种。在超过 21 个国家，人群对至少 14 种除草剂作用机制产生了多重耐药性和交叉耐药性，有报告称单个人群对至少 7 种除草剂作用机制产生了多重耐药性。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前已知的关于非目标位点抗性的知识黑麦草属种。乙酰辅酶A羧化酶、乙酰羟酸合酶、微管组装、光系统II、5-烯醇丙酮莽草酸-3-磷酸合酶、谷氨酰胺合成酶、极长链脂肪酸和光系统I抑制剂。我们建议需要解决的研究主题，以及进一步了解和揭示非目标位点抗性机制的策略黑麦草属种。