Zirconium Oxide-Catalyzed Direct Amidation of Unactivated Esters under Continuous-Flow Conditions,Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis

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Zirconium Oxide-Catalyzed Direct Amidation of Unactivated Esters under Continuous-Flow Conditions
Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 , DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001496
Md. Nurnobi Rashed ₁ , Koichiro Masuda ₁ , Tomohiro Ichitsuka _{1,

2} , Nagatoshi Koumura ₁ , Kazuhiko Sato ₁ , Shū Kobayashi _{1,

3}

Affiliation

A sustainable and environmentally benign direct amidation reaction of unactivated esters with amines has been developed in a continuous-flow system. A commercially available amorphous zirconium oxide was found to be an efficient catalyst for this reaction. While the typical amidation of esters with amines requires a stoichiometric amount of a promoter or metal activator, the present continuous-flow method enabled the direct amidation reaction under additive-free conditions with an extensive diversity towards various functional groups. High yields of the products were obtained with a nearly equimolar proportion of starting materials to reduce byproduct formation, which renders this process applicable for use in a sequential-flow system.

中文翻译：

连续流动条件下氧化锆催化未活化酯的直接酰胺化

在连续流系统中，已开发出未活化的酯与胺的可持续的，对环境无害的直接酰胺化反应。发现可商购的无定形氧化锆是该反应的有效催化剂。尽管典型的酯与胺的酰胺化反应需要化学计量的助催化剂或金属活化剂，但本发明的连续流方法能够在无添加剂的条件下进行直接酰胺化反应，并且对各种官能团具有广泛的多样性。用几乎等摩尔比例的原料获得高收率的产品，以减少副产物的形成，这使得该方法适用于连续流系统。

更新日期：2021-01-22

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