OBJECTIVES Epilepsy is a prevalent health problem worldwide in all ages, and it is essential to identify disease markers for diagnosis and treatment. Periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS) are a common finding in polysomnography (PSG). Still, its clinical relevance in people with epilepsy (PWE) is unknown. The aim of this review was to compare PLMS frequency in PWE and controls. METHODS A semi-structured literature review was conducted using PubMed in search of relevant studies in English on August 23, 2019, with the search terms "sleep," "epilepsy," or "seizure," and "polysomnography" in the title and/or abstract. The research was complemented with citation analysis and manual search using Google Scholar. Studies involved PWE and comparative controls using PSG with reported PLMS index (PLMI). RESULTS Seven studies were identified. Only two showed a statistically significant difference in PLMI between cases and controls, and in another study, cases had uncontrolled seizures. In general, studies did not adjust for potential confounders including demographics, apnea-hypopnea index, or medication use. CONCLUSIONS We found few studies exploring the prevalence of PLMS in PWE. In the majority, PLMI did not differ from controls. Further studies are warranted given the prevalence of sleep disturbances in epilepsy.

中文翻译：

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癫痫患者睡眠中周期性肢体运动的流行：半结构化文献综述

目的 癫痫是全世界各个年龄段普遍存在的健康问题，识别疾病标志物以进行诊断和治疗至关重要。睡眠中的周期性肢体运动 (PLMS) 是多导睡眠图 (PSG) 中的常见发现。尽管如此，它在癫痫患者 (PWE) 中的临床相关性尚不清楚。本次审查的目的是比较 PWE 和对照中的 PLMS 频率。方法 使用 PubMed 检索 2019 年 8 月 23 日的英文相关研究，进行半结构化文献综述，检索词为“睡眠”、“癫痫”或“癫痫”和“多导睡眠图”和/或抽象。该研究还辅以引文分析和使用 Google 学术搜索的手动搜索。研究涉及 PWE 和使用 PSG 和报告的 PLMS 指数 (PLMI) 的比较对照。结果 确定了七项研究。只有两个显示病例和对照之间 PLMI 的统计学显着差异，而在另一项研究中，病例的癫痫发作不受控制。总的来说，研究没有调整潜在的混杂因素，包括人口统计学、呼吸暂停-低通气指数或药物使用。结论 我们发现很少有研究探讨 PWE 中 PLMS 的患病率。大多数情况下，PLMI 与对照没有区别。鉴于癫痫患者睡眠障碍的普遍性，有必要进行进一步的研究。结论 我们发现很少有研究探讨 PWE 中 PLMS 的患病率。大多数情况下，PLMI 与对照没有区别。鉴于癫痫患者睡眠障碍的普遍性，有必要进行进一步的研究。结论 我们发现很少有研究探讨 PWE 中 PLMS 的患病率。大多数情况下，PLMI 与对照没有区别。鉴于癫痫患者睡眠障碍的普遍性，有必要进行进一步的研究。