Statement of problem

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) can be used as a framework material for removable and fixed dental prostheses. However, information about the use of PEEK as a post-and-core restoration is scarce.

Purpose

The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of different surface treatments on the push-out bond strength of milled polyetheretherketone posts to resin cement.

Material and methods

Sixty intact human maxillary central incisors were selected and endodontically treated, and standardized post spaces were prepared. Sixty PEEK posts were milled from a prefabricated PEEK blank by using a computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) system and divided into 3 groups (n=15) according to the surface treatment: acid etching by using 98% sulfuric acid (AE); airborne-particle abrasion by using 50-μm Al₂O₃ (AA); nonthermal plasma treatment (NTP); in addition, PEEK posts (n=15) received no treatment (NT) and served as a control. All posts were bonded by using a self-adhesive resin cement. Three sections (coronal, middle, and apical) were obtained for each specimen. Push-out bond strength measurements (MPa) for each section were recorded by using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min until failure occurred. The post-cement interfaces and failure modes were evaluated by using scanning electron microscopy. The data obtained were statistically analyzed by using 1-way ANOVA and the pair-wise Tukey (HSD) test to study the difference between group mean values (α=.05).

Results

The overall mean ±standard deviation of the push-out bond strength was 11 ±2 MPa for AE group, 6 ±1 MPa for AA group, 5 ±1 MPa for NTP group, and 3 ±1 MPa for NT group. A statistically significant difference was found among all groups subjected to different surface treatments as indicated by the ANOVA test (P<.001). The pair-wise Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) test showed a significant difference among the AE group and all groups (P<.001); however, no significant difference was observed between the AA and NTP groups (P>.05). Moreover, a significant difference was observed among all root sections (P<.001).

Conclusions

Surface treatment of PEEK posts with 98% sulfuric acid for 60 seconds showed significantly higher bond strength values than those in other groups. The bond strength of PEEK posts to resin cement was significantly higher in the coronal section than that in other sections.

中文翻译：

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不同表面处理对研磨聚醚醚酮柱粘结强度的影响

问题陈述

聚醚醚酮 (PEEK) 可用作可拆卸和固定假牙的框架材料。然而，关于使用 PEEK 作为核后修复的信息很少。

目的

这项体外研究的目的是评估不同表面处理对研磨聚醚醚酮柱与树脂水泥的推出粘合强度的影响。

材料与方法

选择了 60 颗完整的人上颌中切牙并进行了牙髓治疗，并准备了标准化的桩空间。使用计算机辅助设计和计算机辅助制造 (CAD-CAM) 系统从预制的 PEEK 毛坯中铣削出 60 个 PEEK 柱，并根据表面处理分为 3 组 (n=15)：使用 98% 的酸蚀刻硫酸（AE）；使用 50-μm Al ₂ O _{3对空气传播颗粒的磨损}(AA)；非热等离子体处理（NTP）；此外，PEEK 柱 (n=15) 未接受任何处理 (NT) 并作为对照。所有柱子都使用自粘树脂胶粘剂粘合。每个标本获得三个切片（冠状、中间和顶端）。通过使用万能试验机以 0.5 毫米/分钟的十字头速度记录每个部分的推出粘合强度测量值 (MPa)，直到发生故障。使用扫描电子显微镜评估水泥后界面和失效模式。使用1-way ANOVA和成对Tukey（HSD）检验对获得的数据进行统计分析，以研究组平均值之间的差异（α=.05）。

结果

AE组推出粘合强度的总体平均值±标准偏差为11±2 MPa，AA组为6±1 MPa，NTP组为5±1 MPa，NT组为3±1 MPa。ANOVA 检验表明，在接受不同表面处理的所有组之间发现了统计学上的显着差异 ( P <.001)。成对 Tukey 诚实显着性差异 (HSD) 检验显示 AE 组和所有组之间存在显着差异（P <.001）；然而，AA和NTP组之间没有观察到显着差异（P >.05）。此外，在所有根切片之间观察到显着差异（P <.001）。

结论

用 98% 硫酸对 PEEK 柱进行表面处理 60 秒后，其粘合强度值显着高于其他组。PEEK柱与树脂水泥的结合强度在冠状切面明显高于其他切面。