Considering the low sensitivity of cytological exams and high costs of the molecular methods, the development of diagnostic tests for effective diagnosis of HPV infections is a priority. In this work, biosensor composed of polypyrrole (PPy) films and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) was obtained for specific detection of HPV genotypes. The biosensor was developed by using flexible electrodes based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) strips coated with indium tin oxide (ITO). Polymeric films and AuNPs were obtained by electrosynthesis. Oligonucleotides sequences modified with functional amino groups were designed to recognize HPV gene families strictly. The modified oligonucleotides were chemically immobilized on the nanostructured platform. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used for the analysis of the electrode modification and monitoring of molecular hybridization. Electrochemical changes were observed after exposure of the biosensors to plasmid samples and cervical specimens. The biosensor based on the BSH16 probe showed a linear concentration range for target HPV16 gene detection of 100 pg μL⁻¹ to 1 fg μL⁻¹. A limit of detection (LOD) of 0.89 pg μL⁻¹ and limit of quantification (LOQ) of 2.70 pg μL⁻¹ were obtained, with a regression coefficient of 0.98. Screening tests on cervical specimens were performed to evaluate the sensibility and specificity for HPV and its viral family. The expression of a biomarker for tumorigenesis (p53 gene) was also monitored. In this work, a flexible system has been successfully developed for label-free detection of HPV families and p53 gene monitoring with high specificity, selectivity, and sensitivity.

考虑到细胞学检查的敏感性低和分子方法的高成本，开发有效诊断HPV感染的诊断测试是当务之急。在这项工作中，获得了由聚吡咯（PPy）膜和金纳米颗粒（AuNPs）组成的生物传感器，用于HPV基因型的特异性检测。通过使用基于涂有铟锡氧化物（ITO）的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）条的柔性电极开发了生物传感器。通过电合成获得聚合物膜和AuNP。设计功能氨基修饰的寡核苷酸序列可严格识别HPV基因家族。将修饰的寡核苷酸化学固定在纳米结构平台上。循环伏安法（CV）和电化学阻抗谱（EIS）用于分析电极修饰和监测分子杂交。将生物传感器暴露于质粒样品和宫颈样品后观察到电化学变化。基于BSH16探针的生物传感器显示100 pgμL的目标HPV16基因检测的线性浓度范围^-1至1 fgμL ^-1。获得的检测极限（LOD）为0.89 pgμL ^-1，定量极限（LOQ）为2.70 pgμL ^-1，回归系数为0.98。对宫颈标本进行了筛选测试，以评估对HPV及其病毒家族的敏感性和特异性。还监测了用于肿瘤发生的生物标志物（p53基因）的表达。在这项工作中，已经成功开发了一种灵活的系统，用于以高特异性，选择性和敏感性对HPV家族进行无标签检测和p53基因监测。