Background

Given the absence of binding standards for noise action planning according to the European Noise Directive, citizens' engagement in public information and consultation processes are crucial for procedural environmental justice. Drawing on a conceptual model on cognitive-motivational determinants, we examined (1) engagement-specific self-efficacy and communal mastery as conceptual links between exposure to road traffic noise and intended and performed civic engagement for noise protection, (2) condition and object resources as additional predictors, and (3) residents’ social position (gender, individual education, and social welfare rates in the residential neighbourhood) as vulnerability-related effect modifiers in these associations.

Methods

Our cross-sectional analysis included 1691 participants aged 60–90 years from the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study, a population-based study in the Ruhr Area, Germany. We merged our questionnaire data with exposure to road traffic noise (L_den) at the most exposed façade. Assumed relations were investigated by a path model consisting of linear regressions on engagement-specific self-efficacy and communal mastery scales and probit regressions on binary intended and performed engagement variables. We applied the path model to the whole sample and to stratified samples to detect potential effect modification as assessed by Chi-Square difference tests.

Results

Exposure to road traffic noise was negatively associated with engagement-specific self-efficacy and communal mastery that both emerged as predictors of intended engagement. While engagement-specific self-efficacy was estimated to predict performed engagement directly, communal mastery appeared to effect performed engagement through intended engagement. We observed a positive association between intended and performed engagement. Difference tests indicated a few group-specific vulnerabilities, e.g. in the association of engagement-specific self-efficacy and performed engagement among participants living in neighbourhoods with higher social welfare while being affected by higher exposure levels.

Conclusions

Within our conceptual frame, our results give indications of how engagement-specific self-efficacy and communal mastery can contribute to procedural environmental justice.

中文翻译：

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老年人是否因公民参与而暴露于道路交通噪声中以保护噪声？横截面路径分析

背景

鉴于缺乏根据《欧洲噪声指令》制定的具有约束力的噪声行动计划标准，公民参与公共信息和咨询过程对于程序性环境正义至关重要。基于认知动机决定因素的概念模型，我们研究了（1）特定于参与的自我效能和社区掌握程度，将其作为暴露于道路交通噪声与旨在和进行的公民参与以保护噪声之间的概念联系，（2）条件和对象资源作为额外的预测指标，以及（3）居民的社会地位（居住区的性别，个体教育和社会福利率），作为这些协会中与脆弱性相关的影响修正剂。

方法

我们的横断面分析包括1691名参与者，这些参与者来自Heinz Nixdorf召回研究，该研究是德国鲁尔地区的一项基于人群的研究。我们将问卷调查数据与暴露在最外立面的道路交通噪声（L _den）合并。假设的关系通过路径模型进行研究，该路径模型包括针对参与度的自我效能感和社区掌握程度的线性回归以及针对二元预期和执行的参与度变量的概率回归。我们将路径模型应用于整个样本和分层样本，以检测通过卡方差检验评估的潜在影响修改。

结果

道路交通噪声的暴露与参与特定的自我效能感和共同掌握能力负相关，两者都可以作为预期参与的预测因素。估计特定于参与的自我效能能直接预测执行的参与，而社区掌握似乎通过预期的参与实现了执行的参与。我们观察到预期参与和执行参与之间存在正相关。差异测试表明了一些特定于组的漏洞，例如，特定于参与的自我效能感的关联，以及生活在社会福利较高但受到较高暴露水平影响的社区中参与者之间的参与。

结论

在我们的概念框架内，我们的研究结果表明，特定于参与的自我效能感和社区掌握力如何有助于程序性环境正义。