Due to the rapid compression of hydrogen and the Joule-Thompson effect specific to hydrogen during the fast filling process, the internal temperature of the cylinder rises sharply which may lead to hidden safety hazards. In this study, a high-pressure hydrogen filling process is considered, and a simple mathematical model of a cascade storage system of a hydrogen refilling station is developed to analyze the temperature rise in hydrogen cylinders under different working conditions. The results show the pressure switching coefficient has a great impact on the filling time, and the pre-cooling of hydrogen has a significant impact on the temperature rise and the states of charge (SOC) within cylinder. Herein, a multi-objective iterative optimization algorithm is proposed to calculate the above two controllable variables (pressure switching coefficient, pre-cooling temperature of hydrogen) with the objectives of faster refueling, lower energy consumption and higher SOC within cylinders in cascade hydrogen refueling. Besides, this method could significantly decrease energy consumption, improve SOC and allow acceptable refueling time.

由于氢气的快速压缩和快速填充过程中氢气特有的焦耳-汤普森效应，钢瓶的内部温度急剧升高，可能导致安全隐患。在这项研究中，考虑了高压氢气填充过程，并建立了氢气填充站的级联存储系统的简单数学模型，以分析不同工作条件下氢气瓶中的温度升高。结果表明，压力转换系数对填充时间有很大的影响，氢气的预冷对温度上升和气缸内的荷电状态（SOC）都有显着影响。在这里 提出了一种多目标迭代优化算法来计算以上两个可控变量（压力转换系数，氢的预冷温度），目的是在级联加氢时加油更快，能耗更低，汽缸内SOC更高。此外，这种方法可以显着降低能耗，提高SOC，并允许可接受的加油时间。