Direct seeding in the restoration of degraded areas requires less financial investment and facilitates the use of greater diversity of species from different functional groups than traditional planting of seedlings. However, the application of this technique in the ecological restoration of post-mined areas in grassland environments is still poorly investigated. This study evaluated seed germination under controlled conditions, seedling establishment and associated costs of 14 species native to the Brazilian campos rupestres through direct seeding in a post-mined area. The effects of the incorporation of plant material (litter) to the degraded substrate on plant establishment were also measured. Under controlled conditions, 64% (9 out of 14) of the evaluated species showed germinability between 30 and 77%. Under field conditions, one year after, it was observed that the incorporation of plant litter to the substrate allowed the establishment of 49 individuals m⁻² of nine species, four of which with establishment percentage and cost per seedling of, respectively, 1.4–6.2% and US$ 0.006–0.09. In the other treatments, no significant plant establishment was observed. Despite the low percentage of establishment, direct seeding combined with the incorporation of plant litter to the substrate allowed the revegetation of a post-mined area with viable cost. The use of suitable species for direct seeding combined with techniques that promote improvements in substrate conditions is critical to increase establishment success using direct seeding in the ecological restoration of campos rupestres post-mined areas. Further studies on techniques to improve substrate quality and seed germination of native species of campos rupestres are required.

在退化地区的恢复中直接播种所需的资金投入更少，并且比起传统的播种方式，更便于使用来自不同功能组的物种多样性。但是，该技术在草原环境下采空区生态修复中的应用还很少。这项研究评估了巴西Campos rupestres原生的14种物种在受控条件下的种子发芽，幼苗的建立以及相关的成本通过在采后地区直接播种。还测量了将植物材料（凋落物）掺入降解基质中对植物生长的影响。在受控条件下，有64％（14个中的9个）显示出30-77％的可发芽性。在田间条件下，一年后，观察到将植物凋落物掺入基质中可建立49个个体m ^-29个物种中，有4个物种的定植率和单苗成本分别为1.4-6.2％和0.006-0.09美元。在其他处理中，未观察到明显的植物建立。尽管定植率低，但直接播种结合将植物凋落物与基质结合在一起，可以在可行的成本下恢复采后区域的植被。将合适的物种用于直接播种，并结合促进基质条件改善的技术，对于在采矿后的Campos rupestres生态恢复中使用直接播种来提高建立成功率至关重要。需要进一步研究提高樟脑原生物种的底物质量和种子发芽的技术。