Ticks, being obligate hematophagous arthropods, are exposed to various blood-borne pathogens, including arboviruses. Consequently, their feeding behavior can readily transmit economically important viral pathogens to humans and animals. With this tightly knit vector and pathogen interaction, the replication and transmission of tick-borne viruses (TBVs) must be highly regulated by their respective tick vectors to avoid any adverse effect on the ticks’ biological development and viability.

Knowledge about the tick–virus interface, although gaining relevant advances in recent years, is advancing at a slower pace than the scientific developments related to mosquito–virus interactions. The unique and complicated feeding behavior of ticks, compared to that of other blood-feeding arthropods, also limits the studies that would further elaborate the antiviral immunity of ticks against TBVs. Hence, knowledge of molecular and cellular immune mechanisms at the tick–virus interface, will further elucidate the successful viral replication of TBVs in ticks and their effective transmission to human and animal hosts.

蜱是专性嗜血的节肢动物，暴露于各种血液传播的病原体，包括虫媒病毒。因此，它们的摄食行为很容易将经济上重要的病毒病原体传播给人类和动物。通过这种紧密结合的载体和病原体相互作用，蜱传病毒 (TBV) 的复制和传播必须受到其各自蜱载体的高度调节，以避免对蜱的生物发育和生存能力产生任何不利影响。

尽管近年来取得了相关进展，但有关蜱-病毒界面的知识的进展速度却慢于与蚊子-病毒相互作用相关的科学发展。与其他吸血节肢动物相比，蜱独特而复杂的摄食行为也限制了进一步阐述蜱对 TBV 的抗病毒免疫的研究。因此，了解蜱-病毒界面的分子和细胞免疫机制，将进一步阐明 TBV 在蜱中的成功病毒复制及其向人类和动物宿主的有效传播。