Deaf readers provide unique insights into how the reading circuit is modified by altered linguistic and sensory input. We investigated whether reading-matched deaf and hearing readers (n = 62) exhibit different ERP effects associated with orthographic to phonological mapping (N250) or lexico-semantic processes (N400). In a visual masked priming paradigm, participants performed a go/no-go categorization task; target words were preceded by repeated or unrelated primes. Prime duration and word frequency were manipulated. Hearing readers exhibited typical N250 and N400 priming effects with 50 ms primes (greater negativity for unrelated primes) and smaller effects with 100 ms primes. Deaf readers showed a surprising reversed priming effect with 50 ms primes (greater negativity for related primes), and more typical N250 and N400 effects with 100 ms primes. Correlation results suggested deaf readers with poorer phonological skills drove this effect. We suggest that weak phonological activation may create orthographic "repetition enhancement" or form/lexical competition in deaf readers.

中文翻译：

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聋人和听力读者的掩蔽 ERP 重复启动

聋人读者提供独特的见解，了解阅读电路如何被改变的语言和感官输入所改变。我们调查了阅读匹配的聋人和听力读者 (n = 62) 是否表现出与正字法到语音映射 (N250) 或词汇语义过程 (N400) 相关的不同 ERP 效应。在视觉蒙面启动范式中，参与者执行了通过/不通过分类任务；目标词前面有重复或不相关的素数。主要持续时间和词频被操纵。听力阅读器表现出典型的 N250 和 N400 启动效应，50 毫秒启动（无关启动时更大的负性）和 100 毫秒启动的较小影响。聋人读者在 50 毫秒的素数下表现出令人惊讶的反向启动效应（相关素数的负性更大），以及具有 100 毫秒素数的更典型的 N250 和 N400 效果。相关结果表明，语音技能较差的聋人读者推动了这种效果。我们认为弱语音激活可能会在聋读者中产生拼写“重复增强”或形式/词汇竞争。