It is well known that lumped masses can change the frequency characteristics of the structural system, and aeroelastic flutter happens due to the coalescence of two modes. Therefore, it can be expected to improve the aeroelastic stability by the lumped mass. This paper studies the influence mechanism of the lumped mass on the aeroelastic behaviors of two-dimensional (2D) panels in supersonic airflow, and proposes an axially functionally graded design method using the lumped mass. In this investigation, the finite element method (FEM) is used to formulate the aeroelastic equation of motion for the panels with the lumped mass and spring constraint. For 2D panels with the lumped mass, the local mode coalescence is observed, and the influences of the weight and location of the lumped mass on the flutter stability and their mechanism are analyzed. The optimal ranges for the weight and location of the lumped mass are given out. For 2D panels with the spring constraint, the sudden decrease of the flutter bound due to the mode veering are analyzed, and an effective method to eliminate it by using the lumped mass is proposed. Finally, a structural optimization method based on the axially functionally graded design is proposed.

众所周知，集总质量可以改变结构系统的频率特性，并且由于两种模式的结合，发生了气动弹性颤动。因此，可以期望通过集总质量来改善气动弹性稳定性。本文研究了集总质量对超音速气流中二维（2D）面板气动弹性行为的影响机理，并提出了一种使用集总质量的轴向功能梯度设计方法。在这项研究中，使用有限元方法（FEM）来制定具有集中质量和弹簧约束的面板的气动弹性运动方程。对于具有集总质量的二维面板，观察到局部模式合并，并分析了集总质量的重量和位置对颤振稳定性的影响及其机理。给出了集总质量的重量和位置的最佳范围。对于受弹簧约束的二维面板，分析了由于模式转向导致颤振边界的突然减小，并提出了一种有效的方法来消除集总质量。最后，提出了一种基于轴向功能梯度设计的结构优化方法。