Directed energy deposition using laser heat sources (DED-L) is a metal additive manufacturing method that can be used to fabricate functionally graded materials by feeding multiple powder streams directly into a laser-generated melt pool. The composition can be spatially varied by independent control of the materials feed rates. DED-L additive manufacturing is used in this work to create continuously graded Al/W composites that span 0–55 vol% W in Al over length scales from 0.6 to 1.2 mm with individual layers on the order of 0.1 mm and powder particle sizes on the order of 10 µm. The obtained composition and thickness ranges are comparable to those typically achieved using conventional powder metallurgy approaches and enables fabrication of composites to be used as a high impedance graded density impactor (GDI) in dynamic ramp compression experiments to study matter under extreme conditions. DED-L additive manufacturing of a GDI presents an opportunity to reduce GDI fabrication time to less than a day compared to many weeks by conventional methods. It is also possible to scale the deposition by DED-L to essentially unlimited dimensions in the lateral directions, whereas conventional methods become limited.

使用激光热源（DED-L）进行的定向能量沉积是一种金属增材制造方法，可通过将多个粉末流直接喂入激光产生的熔池中来制造功能梯度材料。可以通过独立控制材料的进料速度在空间上改变组成。在这项工作中使用DED-L增材制造技术来制造连续梯度的Al / W复合材料，该复合材料在Al中的W含量范围为0-55％（体积），长度范围从0.6到1.2 mm，各个层的厚度为0.1 mm，粉末颗粒尺寸为。数量级为10 µm。所获得的成分和厚度范围可与使用常规粉末冶金方法通常获得的成分和厚度范围进行比较，并使复合材料的制造可用作动态斜面压缩实验中的高阻抗梯度密度冲击器（GDI），以研究极端条件下的物质。与传统方法的几周相比，GDI的DED-L增材制造提供了将GDI制造时间减少到不到一天的机会。还可以通过DED-L将沉积物在横向方向上缩放到基本上不受限制的尺寸，而常规方法受到限制。