There is growing evidence that speakers recruit inhibitory control in situations of high within-language interference, e.g., when selecting from among competing lexical entries or when tailoring utterances to the communicative needs of the addressee. However, little is known about the types of cognitive control mechanisms that are involved in the speech production process. This study examines the relative contribution of various forms of interference arising at different stages of information processing as well as their control to object naming under conditions of prepotent and underdetermined competition. Eighty-nine unimpaired native English speakers completed three inhibitory control tasks (arrow flanker, Simon arrow and anti-saccade) and two object naming tasks (picture-word interference, PWI, and name agreement, NA). Analyses of mean RT and RT distribution (delta plots) showed that only the flanker effect was a significant predictor of the PWI but not NA effect, while the remaining inhibitory measures made no significant contribution to either the PWI or NA effect. Participants with smaller flanker effects, indicative of better resolution of representational conflict, were faster to name objects in the face of competing stimuli. The pattern of results suggests that delays in production can be an outcome of inefficient resolution of interference traced to intermediate rather than late stages of processing, at least as far as the PWI task is concerned.

越来越多的证据表明，说话者在语际干扰较大的情况下会招募抑制性控制，例如，从竞争性词汇条目中进行选择或针对收件人的沟通需求来调整话语时。但是，对于语音产生过程中涉及的认知控制机制的类型知之甚少。这项研究研究了在信息处理的不同阶段产生的各种形式干扰的相对贡献，以及在有优势和不确定竞争条件下它们对对象命名的控制。八十九位英语为母语的人，完成了三项抑制性控制任务（箭头侧箭，西蒙箭头和反扫视）和两项对象命名任务（图片字干扰，PWI和名称约定，NA）。对平均RT和RT分布的分析（δ曲线）显示，只有侧翼效应是PWI的重要预测因子，而不是NA效应，而其余抑制措施对PWI或NA效应均无显着贡献。具有较小侧翼效应的参与者表明可以更好地解决代表性冲突，面对竞争刺激时，可以更快地命名对象。结果的模式表明，至少就PWI任务而言，生产的延迟可能是由于追踪到中间而不是后期处理而导致的干扰解决效率低下的结果。而其余的抑制措施对PWI或NA的影响均无明显贡献。具有较小侧翼效应的参与者表明可以更好地解决代表性冲突，面对竞争刺激时，可以更快地命名对象。结果的模式表明，至少就PWI任务而言，生产的延迟可能是由于追踪到中间而不是后期处理而导致的干扰解决效率低下的结果。而其余的抑制措施对PWI或NA的影响均无明显贡献。具有较小侧翼效应的参与者表明可以更好地解决代表性冲突，面对竞争刺激时，可以更快地命名对象。结果的模式表明，至少就PWI任务而言，生产的延迟可能是由于追踪到中间而不是后期处理而导致的干扰解决效率低下的结果。