Expanding the role of Space Physical Science and Technology in the modern world comes through the application of digital technologies and supercomputing. The present paper is aimed at getting the readers acquainted with results of resent scientific discussions on the topic having taken place at specialized scientific forums supported by the International Academy of Astronautics. The paper provides a breath coverage of results of main discussions and current trends in developing modern digital approach to solving acute problems of Space Physical Science and Technology. Numerical simulations with massive parallelization have natural limitation of efficiency. The results of recent studies demonstrate that each algorithm has an optimal number of parallel threads providing maximal efficiency. On further increasing the number of parallel processes, one encounters a decrease of efficiency. The universal supercomputers can hardly provide high efficiency in solving multi-scale problems. Creating supercomputers of a specialized architecture focused on a narrow class of multiscale problems will allow for efficient parallel solution of such problems.

通过数字技术和超级计算的应用，扩展了空间物理科学技术在现代世界中的作用。本文旨在使读者熟悉在国际宇航科学院支持的专门科学论坛上对该主题进行的近期科学讨论的结果。本文全面介绍了开发现代数字方法以解决空间物理科学和技术的严重问题的主要讨论结果和当前趋势。具有大规模并行化的数值模拟具有自然的效率限制。最近的研究结果表明，每种算法都有最佳数量的并行线程，可提供最大效率。在进一步增加并行进程的数量时，一个人的效率下降。通用超级计算机很难解决多尺度问题。创建专注于一小类多尺度问题的专用体系结构的超级计算机将可以有效地并行解决此类问题。