Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) as the potential sign of serious cognitive decline could be divided into two stages, i.e., late MCI (LMCI) and early MCI (EMCI). Although the different cognitive states in the MCI progression have been clinically defined, effective and accurate identification of differences in neuroimaging data between these stages still needs to be further studied. In this paper, a new method of clustering-evolutionary weighted support vector machine ensemble (CEWSVME) is presented to investigate the alterations from cognitively normal (CN) to EMCI to LMCI. The CEWSVME mainly includes two steps. The first step is to build multiple SVM classifiers by randomly selecting samples and features. The second step is to introduce the idea of clustering evolution to eliminate inefficient and highly similar SVMs, thereby improving the final classification performances. Additionally, we extracted the optimal features to detect the differential brain regions in MCI progression, and confirmed that these differential brain regions changed dynamically with the development of MCI. More exactly, this study found that some brain regions only have durative effects on MCI progression, such as parahippocampal gyrus, posterior cingulate gyrus and amygdala, while the superior temporal gyrus and the middle temporal gyrus have periodic effects on the progression. Our work contributes to understanding the pathogenesis of MCI and provide the guidance for its timely diagnosis.

轻度认知障碍（MCI）作为严重的认知能力下降的潜在征兆可分为两个阶段，即晚期MCI（LMCI）和早期MCI（EMCI）。尽管已在临床上定义了MCI进展中的不同认知状态，但仍需要进一步研究有效，准确地识别这些阶段之间神经影像数据的差异。本文提出了一种新的聚类-进化加权支持向量机集成（CEWSVME）方法，以研究从认知正常（CN）到EMCI到LMCI的变化。CEWSVME主要包括两个步骤。第一步是通过随机选择样本和特征来构建多个SVM分类器。第二步是引入集群进化的思想，以消除效率低下且高度相似的SVM，从而提高了最终的分类性能。此外，我们提取了最佳特征以检测MCI进展中的差异性大脑区域，并确认这些差异性大脑区域会随着MCI的发展而动态变化。更确切地说，这项研究发现，某些大脑区域仅对MCI进程具有持续影响，例如海马旁回，扣带回后和杏仁核，而颞上回和颞中回对周期的发展具有周期性。我们的工作有助于了解MCI的发病机理，并为及时诊断MCI提供指导。并证实这些不同的大脑区域会随着MCI的发展而动态变化。更确切地说，这项研究发现，某些大脑区域仅对MCI进程具有持续影响，例如海马旁回，扣带回后和杏仁核，而颞上回和颞中回对周期的发展具有周期性。我们的工作有助于了解MCI的发病机理，并为及时诊断MCI提供指导。并证实这些不同的大脑区域会随着MCI的发展而动态变化。更确切地说，这项研究发现，某些大脑区域仅对MCI进程具有持续影响，例如海马旁回，扣带回后和杏仁核，而颞上回和颞中回对周期的发展具有周期性。我们的工作有助于了解MCI的发病机理，并为及时诊断MCI提供指导。