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Three New Late-type Stellar Companions to Very Dusty WISE Debris Disks Identified with SPHERE Imaging
The Astronomical Journal ( IF 5.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 , DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/abcfca
Elisabeth C. Matthews 1 , Sasha Hinkley 2 , Karl Stapelfeldt 3 , Arthur Vigan 4 , Dimitri Mawet 5 , Ian J. M. Crossfield 6 , Trevor J. David 7 , Eric Mamajek 3 , Tiffany Meshkat 8 , Farisa Morales 3 , Deborah Padgett 3
Affiliation  

Debris disk stars are good targets for high contrast imaging searches for planetary systems, since debris disks have been shown to have a tentative correlation with giant planets. We selected 20 stars identified as debris disk hosts by the WSIE mission, with particularly high levels of warm dust. We observed these with the VLT/SPHERE high contrast imaging instrument with the goal of finding planets and imaging the disks in scattered light. Our survey reaches a median 5$\sigma$~sensitivity of 10.4Mj at 25au and 5.9Mj at 100au. We identified three new stellar companions (HD18378B, HD19257B and HD133778B): two are mid-M type stars and one is late-K or early-M star. Three additional stars have very widely separated stellar companions (all at $>$2000au) identified in the Gaia catalog. The stars hosting the three SPHERE-identified companions are all older ($\gtrsim$700Myr), with one having recently left the main sequence and one a giant star. We infer that the high volumes of dust observed around these stars might have been caused by a recent collision between the planets and planetesimal belts in the system, although for the most evolved star, mass loss could also be responsible for the infrared excess. Future mid-IR spectroscopy or polarimetric imaging may allow the positions and spatial extent of these dust belts to be constrained, thereby providing evidence as to the true cause of the elevated levels of dust around these old systems. None of the disks in this survey are resolved in scattered light.

中文翻译:

三颗新的晚型恒星伴星与非常多尘的 WISE 碎片盘用 SPHERE 成像识别

碎片盘星是行星系统高对比度成像搜索的良好目标,因为碎片盘已被证明与巨行星有初步的相关性。我们选择了 20 颗被 WSIE 任务确定为碎片盘宿主的恒星,它们的暖尘含量特别高。我们使用 VLT/SPHERE 高对比度成像仪器观察到这些,目的是寻找行星并在散射光中对盘进行成像。我们的调查在 25au 和 100au 时分别达到 10.4Mj 和 5.9Mj 的 5$\sigma$~灵敏度中值。我们确定了三个新的伴星(HD18378B、HD19257B 和 HD133778B):两个是中 M 型恒星,一个是晚 K 或早 M 星。在盖亚目录中,另外三颗恒星有非常相距很远的恒星伴星(均在 $>$2000au)。承载三个 SPHERE 识别出的伴星的恒星​​都比较老($\gtrsim$700Myr),其中一个最近离开了主序星,一个是巨星。我们推断,在这些恒星周围观察到的大量尘埃可能是由行星和系统中的行星带之间最近的一次碰撞引起的,尽管对于最进化的恒星来说,质量损失也可能是红外线过剩的原因。未来的中红外光谱或偏振成像可能会限制这些尘埃带的位置和空间范围,从而为这些旧系统周围尘埃水平升高的真正原因提供证据。本次调查中的所有圆盘都无法在散射光下分辨。我们推断,在这些恒星周围观察到的大量尘埃可能是由行星和系统中的行星带之间最近发生的碰撞引起的,尽管对于最进化的恒星来说,质量损失也可能是红外线过剩的原因。未来的中红外光谱或偏振成像可能会限制这些尘埃带的位置和空间范围,从而为这些旧系统周围尘埃水平升高的真正原因提供证据。本次调查中的所有圆盘都无法在散射光下分辨。我们推断,在这些恒星周围观察到的大量尘埃可能是由行星和系统中的行星带之间最近的一次碰撞引起的,尽管对于最进化的恒星来说,质量损失也可能是红外线过剩的原因。未来的中红外光谱或偏振成像可能会限制这些尘埃带的位置和空间范围,从而为这些旧系统周围尘埃水平升高的真正原因提供证据。本次调查中的所有圆盘都无法在散射光下分辨。未来的中红外光谱或偏振成像可能会限制这些尘埃带的位置和空间范围,从而为这些旧系统周围尘埃水平升高的真正原因提供证据。本次调查中的所有圆盘都无法在散射光下分辨。未来的中红外光谱或偏振成像可能会限制这些尘埃带的位置和空间范围,从而为这些旧系统周围尘埃水平升高的真正原因提供证据。本次调查中的所有圆盘都无法在散射光下分辨。
更新日期:2021-01-20
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