Hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) is still a challenging process that many refineries need to overcome. The influence of catalysts on HDN efficiency cannot be ignored. In this study, Qilu atmospheric residue was subjected to a pilot-scale continuous hydrotreater, and liquid products were obtained from four outlets under two typical catalyst gradations. Basic nitrogen (BN) and non-basic nitrogen (NBN) compounds in the feedstock and liquid products were investigated by positive and negative (±) electrospray ionization (ESI) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. It shows that during hydrotreating, compared to BN, NBN compounds were more refractory. The removal of multi-heteroatom compounds occurred mainly in BN compounds, and the conversion of multi-heteroatom compounds and the hydrodearomatization of N₁ class species happened simultaneously in NBN compounds. By comparing the effects of two typical catalyst gradations on the products, it was clear that in the removal of N₁ class species, catalyst gradations had subtle differences. The significant difference in N removal efficiency was reflected in removal and transformation of N-containing compounds containing multiple heteroatoms in both BN and NBN compounds during the refining section. This observation provides a new contribution to understanding the use of different catalyst gradations in the beds and the effect of each catalyst on the resulting liquid products.

中文翻译：

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两种典型催化剂在重油加氢处理过程中碱性和非碱性氮化合物的转化

加氢脱氮（HDN）仍然是许多炼油厂需要克服的具有挑战性的过程。催化剂对HDN效率的影响不容忽视。在这项研究中，齐鲁大气压残渣经过中试连续加氢处理，在两个典型的催化剂分级下，从四个出口获得了液态产品。通过正负电喷雾电离（ESI）傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱法研究了原料和液体产品中的碱性氮（BN）和非碱性氮（NBN）化合物。结果表明，在加氢处理过程中，与BN相比，NBN化合物的耐火性更高。多杂原子化合物的去除主要发生在BN化合物中，多杂原子化合物的转化和N ₁的加氢脱芳香化NBN化合物中同时发生了三类物质。通过比较两种典型催化剂等级对产物的影响，很明显在除去N ₁类物质时，催化剂等级有细微的差别。精制过程中，BN和NBN化合物中含有多个杂原子的含氮化合物的去除和转化反映了氮去除效率的显着差异。该观察结果为理解床中不同催化剂等级的使用以及每种催化剂对所得液体产物的影响提供了新的贡献。