Somaclonal variation was studied by whole-genome sequencing in rice plants (Oryza sativa L., 'Nipponbare') regenerated from the zygotes, mature embryos, and immature embryos of a single mother plant. The mother plant and its seed-propagated progeny were also sequenced. A total of 338 variants of the mother plant sequence were detected in the progeny, and mean values ranged from 9.0 of the seed-propagated plants to 37.4 of regenerants from mature embryos. The ratio of single nucleotide variants among the variants was 74.3%, and the natural mutation rate calculated using the variants in the seed-propagated plants was 1.2 x 10-8. The percentage and the mutation rate were consistent with the values reported previously. Plants regenerated from mature embryos had significantly more variants than different progeny types. Therefore, using zygotes and immature embryos can reduce somaclonal variation during the genetic manipulation of rice.

中文翻译：

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从合子，成熟胚和未成熟胚再生的水稻植株突变的全基因组序列分析

通过全基因组测序研究从单株植物的受精卵，成熟胚和未成熟胚再生的水稻植株（Oryza sativa L。，“ Nipponbare”）中体细胞克隆变异。还对母本植物及其种子繁殖的后代进行了测序。在子代中总共检测到338个母本植物序列的变体，平均值范围从种子繁殖的植物的9.0到成熟胚的再生子的37.4。变体中单核苷酸变体的比例为74.3％，使用该变体计算的种子繁殖植物中的自然突变率为1.2 x 10-8。百分比和突变率与先前报道的值一致。从成熟胚再生的植物具有比不同后代类型明显更多的变异。因此，