This study aims to examine the neural correlates of cognitive shifting during the Dimensional Change Card Sort Task (DCCS) task with functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Altogether 49 children completed the DCCS tasks, and 25 children (Mage = 68.66, SD = 5.3) passing all items were classified into the Switch group. Twenty children (Mage = 62.05, SD = 8.13) committing more than one perseverative errors were grouped into the Perseverate group. The Switch group had Brodmann Area (BA) 9 and 10 activated in the pre-switch period and BA 6, 9, 10, 40, and 44 in the post-switch period. In contrast, the Perseverate group had BA 9 and 10 activated in the pre-switch period and BA 8, 9, 10 in the post-switch period. The general linear model results afford strong support to the “V-shape curve” hypothesis by identifying a significant decrease–increase cycle in BA 9 and 44, the neural correlations of cognitive shifting.

中文翻译：

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维度变化卡片分类任务中认知转变的神经相关性的功能性近红外光谱检查

本研究旨在利用功能性近红外光谱检查维度变化卡片分类任务 (DCCS) 任务期间认知转变的神经相关性。共有 49 名儿童完成了 DCCS 任务，其中 25 名儿童（Mage = 68.66，SD = 5.3）通过了所有项目，被分为 Switch 组。二十名犯有不止一个持续性错误的孩子（法师 = 62.05，SD = 8.13）被分为坚持组。切换组在切换前激活了布罗德曼区域 (BA) 9 和 10，在切换后激活了 BA 6、9、10、40 和 44。相比之下，Perseverate 组在转换前激活了 BA 9 和 10，在转换后激活了 BA 8、9、10。一般线性模型结果通过识别 BA 9 和 44（认知转变的神经相关性）的显着减少-增加周期，为“V 形曲线”假设提供了强有力的支持。