Energy plays an essential role in the modern society and can serve as one of the vital parameters of socio-economic development. Despite developments in technology, over three billion persons living in rural parts of the low- and middle-income countries continue to cover their energy needs for cooking through traditional ways by burning biomass resources. This paper as a case study focuses on the Aral Sea region of Uzbekistan, possessing a well-developed agricultural production with high livestock numbers and intensive crop production. The manure of the livestock farms is not used efficiently and the energy supply of the farms depends primarily on centrally produced gas and electricity. Some areas are not yet connected to the gas grid. Agriculture causes huge environmental damages in its current form. The benefit of biogas production would therefore be fivefold: (1) local energy source, (2) mitigation of environmental impacts, (3) reducing CH4-emissions, (4) producing organic fertilizer as a side product and (5) additional earnings for farmers.

中文翻译：

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咸海流域农业废弃物生产沼气的挑战与解决方案

能源在现代社会中起着至关重要的作用，可以作为社会经济发展的重要参数之一。尽管技术得到了发展，但生活在中低收入国家农村地区的超过30亿人口仍通过燃烧生物质资源以传统方式满足其烹饪所需的能源。本文将以乌兹别克斯坦咸海地区为例进行研究，该地区农业发达，牲畜数量高，农作物集约化。畜牧场的粪便没有得到有效利用，农场的能源供应主要取决于集中产生的天然气和电力。某些区域尚未连接到燃气电网。农业以目前的形式造成了巨大的环境破坏。