Abstract

Social changes and political tensions had a great impact on Greek football clubs during the interwar period. Earlier, the establishment of the first sports clubs in Greece was associated with the rise of the middle classes, whose members carried liberal perceptions and a new code of conduct. Football was placed in the ‘civilizing process’, as the process of ‘sportization’ was only possible in societies where political differences were resolved by non-violent means and where groups of citizens obeyed common acceptable rules. In this sense, football was not just a physical activity, but a social process, as well. In the case of Greece, the arrival of refugee populations and the rapid urbanization resulted in the popularization of sports. Throughout Greece, hundreds of sports clubs were founded, which mainly cultivated the new ‘craze’ of football. New collectivities were forged in the neighborhoods of the cities, and a new football culture was cultivated, which was fed by interwar identities that often appeared as opposing couples and interacted with each other, namely: native-refugee, middle class-worker and so on. As a result, in the football fields, along with the new folk heroes, the new phenomena of fanaticism and violence were born.

抽象的

在两次世界大战期间，社会变革和政治紧张局势对希腊足球俱乐部产生了重大影响。早先，希腊第一家体育俱乐部的建立与中产阶级的崛起有关，中产阶级的成员带有自由主义的见解和新的行为准则。足球被置于“文明进程”中，因为“体育化”进程只有在通过非暴力手段解决政治分歧并且公民遵守共同的可接受规则的社会中才有可能。从这个意义上说，足球不仅是一种体育活动，而且也是一种社会过程。就希腊而言，难民人口的到来和快速的城市化导致体育运动的普及。在整个希腊，成立了数百个体育俱乐部，主要是培养新的足球“狂潮”。在城市附近建立了新的集体，并培育了一种新的足球文化，这种足球文化是由战间身份所养育的，这种身份通常是对立的夫妻并相互交流，即：本地难民，中产阶级工人等。 。结果，在足球场上，伴随着新的民间英雄，狂热和暴力的新现象诞生了。