ABSTRACT

This paper considers the factors affecting the growth of one of the fastest growing export sectors in Africa – gold from the artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) sector. The artisanal gold mining sector was largely illegal in most African countries until the 1990s and has grown from virtually nothing to exports of at least 446 tonnes of gold worth approximately US$17.94 billion to Dubai in 2016, with some 10 million Africans working in these often hazardous mines, up from approximately 1.8 million in 1999. The study investigates the pull and push factors affecting the sector using different quantitative estimates of the size of the sector.

摘要

本文考虑了影响非洲增长最快的出口部门之一——来自手工和小规模金矿 (ASGM) 部门的黄金增长的因素。直到 1990 年代，在大多数非洲国家，手工采金业在很大程度上是非法的，并且已经从几乎一无所有发展到 2016 年向迪拜出口了至少 446 吨黄金，价值约 179.4 亿美元，约有 1000 万非洲人在这些通常危险的地方工作矿山，高于 1999 年的约 180 万个。该研究使用对该行业规模的不同定量估计来调查影响该行业的拉动和推动因素。