This paper examines the impact of regulation-driven trade barriers on export entrepreneurship in a panel of 60 countries between 2006 and 2014. The paper finds robust evidence that unfavorable trade regulations significantly reduce export entry rate and export entry density (two critical measures of export entrepreneurship) by increasing the time and cost associated with documentary and customs compliance procedures. These findings support the hypothesis that less conducive business regulations are an important domestic supply constraint which impedes export entrepreneurship by increasing trade costs. In addition, the paper finds that the magnitude of the negative relationship between export entrepreneurship and regulation-driven trade barriers is significantly more pronounced in countries with poor governance quality. Two measures of governance quality (i.e., political stability and rule of law) are shown to be relatively more significant in aiding favorable trade regulations that promote export entrepreneurship. Furthermore, a reduction in regulation-driven trade barriers has a positive impact on net entry rate and survival rates of first-, second- and third-year exporters, and high-quality governance institutions significantly increase the magnitude of this positive relationship.

中文翻译：

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监管驱动的贸易壁垒和治理质量对出口创业的影响

本文研究了 2006 年至 2014 年间在 60 个国家的小组中，监管驱动的贸易壁垒对出口创业的影响。本文发现有力的证据表明，不利的贸易法规显着降低了出口进入率和出口进入密度（出口创业的两个关键指标） ) 通过增加与文件和海关合规程序相关的时间和成本。这些发现支持这样一个假设，即不利的商业法规是一个重要的国内供应限制，它通过增加贸易成本来阻碍出口创业。此外，该论文发现，出口创业与监管驱动的贸易壁垒之间的负相关程度在治理质量较差的国家更为明显。治理质量的两个衡量标准（即政治稳定性和法治）在帮助促进出口创业的有利贸易法规方面相对更重要。此外，监管驱动的贸易壁垒的减少对第一年、第二年和第三年出口商的净进入率和生存率产生了积极影响，而高质量的治理机构显着增加了这种积极关系的幅度。