Although titanium oxide has a high dielectric constant, ordinary titanium oxides are not a good electrorheological (ER) fluid material. Herein, hollow peanut-like titanium oxide spheres are synthesized by hydrothermal method, and then coated with silicon oxide to form core–shell hollow TiO₂@SiO₂ spheres. The structure is characterized by different methods, and the TiO₂@SiO₂ composite particles are dispersed in silicone oil to prepare an ER suspension. The ER effect of 10% TiO₂@SiO₂-based ER fluid under different electric field strengths is tested, and its performance is analyzed. The results show that the coated particles significantly enhance the current meter performance. The shear stress value exceeds 200 Pa at an electric field strength of 3.0 kV mm⁻¹. The shear stress, shear viscosity, switching effect, and dielectric behavior of the base ER fluid are studied. And, the cause of this strong ER effect is studied. In the end, it is found that TiO₂@SiO₂ peanut-shaped composite core–shell particles have a good ER effect and which is a kind of ER candidate material with simple preparation and development prospect.

中文翻译：

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花生样空心核壳结构TiO2 @ SiO2纳米粒子的制备及电流变特性

尽管二氧化钛具有较高的介电常数，但是普通的二氧化钛并不是良好的电流变（ER）流体材料。在此，通过水热法合成空心花生状二氧化钛球，然后将其涂覆氧化硅以形成核壳型空心TiO ₂ @SiO ₂球。通过不同的方法对结构进行表征，并将TiO ₂ @SiO ₂复合颗粒分散在硅油中以制备ER悬浮液。10％TiO ₂ @SiO ₂的ER效应测试了在不同电场强度下的水基ER流体，并对其性能进行了分析。结果表明，涂​​覆的颗粒显着增强了电流表的性能。在3.0kV mm ^-1的电场强度下，剪切应力值超过200Pa 。研究了基础ER流体的剪切应力，剪切粘度，转换效应和介电行为。并且，研究了这种强大的ER效应的原因。最后，发现TiO ₂ @SiO ₂花生状复合核-壳颗粒具有良好的ER作用，是一种制备简单，发展前景好的ER候选材料。