Abstract

Bezymianny Volcano is one of the most active volcanoes in Kamchatka and in the world. This paper describes the preparation, behavior, products, dynamics, and the geological effect of the March 15, 2019 explosive eruption of the volcano, which was predicted 6.5 h before it began. The sequence of eruptive events was analyzed using data provided by video and satellite-based monitoring of the volcano; the quantitative characteristics for the distribution of pyroclastic deposits were obtained in the information system “Remote Monitoring of Activity of Volcanoes in Kamchatka and the Kurile Islands”. The explosions lifted ash to heights of 15 km above sea level (up to 12 km above the volcano), the eruptive cloud was moving northeastward and east from the volcano, the main ashfall area was 210 400 km², including 15 000 km² on land. Apart from tephra, the eruption produced pyroclastic flows and pyroclastic surges covering an area of 30 km². The total volume of explosive products is estimated as 0.1–0.2 km³. The eruptive rocks are calc-alkaline moderate-K basaltic andesites (SiO₂ = 54.84–56.29 wt %), they are the most mafic among all rocks of the current Bezymianny eruption cycle.

中文翻译：

---

2019年3月15日Bezymianny火山爆发性喷发及其产物

摘要

Bezymianny火山是堪察加乃至世界上最活跃的火山之一。本文描述了2019年3月15日火山爆发的爆发的准备，行为，产物，动力学和地质效应，预计在爆发前6.5小时。使用火山的视频和基于卫星的监测所提供的数据来分析爆发事件的顺序；在信息系统“堪察加半岛和千岛群岛火山活动的远程监测”中获得了火山碎屑沉积物分布的定量特征。爆炸将火山灰提升至海拔15公里（火山最高12公里），火山喷发云层从火山向东北和向东移动，主要火山灰沉降面积为210400 km ²，包括陆地上的15000 km ²。除了特非拉以外，喷发还产生了火山碎屑流和火山碎屑浪涌，覆盖面积30 km ²。爆炸物的总量估计为0.1–0.2 km ³。喷发岩为钙碱性中度钾玄武质安山岩（SiO ₂ = 54.84–56.29 wt％），是当前Bezymianny火山喷发周期中所有岩石中镁铁质含量最高的。